Effect of linewidth enhancement factor on displacement reconstruction and immediate estimation of feedback factor for weak feedback

Kim, Chol-Hyon

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2019.125203

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…U 0 (x, y) and ϕ(x, y) represent the changes in the amplitude and phase of the electric field, which are generated by target surface roughness, and x and y are coordinates in the coordinate planes of the target surface. From Equation (20), it is apparent that the signal intensity is closely linked to the geometrical shape and reflectivity of the target surface. Different points on the reflection surface produce different SMI signals, and the amplitude of the final detected signal is modulated by the roughness and reflectivity of the target surface in the light spot.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SMI occurs when a laser beam is reflected back into the laser cavity by an external reflector, causing interference within the cavity. To date, SMI has been widely applied to measure various parameters, including velocity [ 2 , 3 , 4 ], displacement [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], angles [ 9 , 10 ], thickness [ 11 , 12 ], and absolute distance [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], as well as in biomedicine applications [ 17 , 18 ] and laser parameter assessments [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Huang,

Lai,

Chen

2024

Sensors

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To robustly and adaptively reconstruct displacement, we propose the amplitude modulation integral reconstruction method (AM-IRM) for displacement sensing in a self-mixing interferometry (SMI) system. By algebraically multiplying the SMI signal with a high-frequency sinusoidal carrier, the frequency spectrum of the signal is shifted to that of the carrier. This operation overcomes the issue of frequency blurring in low-frequency signals associated with continuous wavelet transform (CWT), enabling the precise extraction of the Doppler frequency of the SMI signal. Furthermore, the synchrosqueezing wavelet transform (SSWT) is utilized to enhance the frequency resolution of the Doppler signal. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a displacement reconstruction accuracy of 21.1 nm (0.89%). Additionally, our simulations demonstrated that this method can accurately reconstruct target displacement under the conditions of time-varying optical feedback intensity or a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 0 dB, with a maximum root mean square (RMS) error of 22.2 nm. These results highlight its applicability in real-world environments. This method eliminates the need to manually determine the window length for time–frequency conversion, calculate the parameters of the SMI system, or add additional optical devices, making it easy to implement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Huang,

Lai,

Chen

2024

Sensors

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“…Parameters C and

can be estimated from SMI vibrometric signals in air at rest [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Among the different methods, some are only effective in weak feedback [ 23 , 24 , 25 ] and others only in moderate feedback [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. In the strong feedback regime, SMI vibrometric signals contain discontinuities which leads to a sawtooth-like fringe structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parameters C and α can be estimated from SMI vibrometric signals in air at rest [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Among the different methods, some are only effective in weak feedback [23][24][25] and others only in moderate feedback [26][27][28]. In the strong feedback regime, SMI vibrometric signals contain discontinuities which leads to a sawtooth-like fringe structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Mixing Interferometer for Acoustic Measurements through Vibrometric Calibration

Chanu-Rigaldies,

Lecomte,

Ollivier

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The Self-Mixing Interformeter (SMI) is a self-aligned optical interferometer which has been used for acoustic wave sensing in air through the acousto-optic effect. This paper presents how to use a SMI for the measurement of Sound Pressure Level (SPL) in acoustic waveguides. To achieve this, the SMI is first calibrated in situ as a vibrometer. The optical feedback parameters C and α in the strong feedback regime (C≥4.6) are estimated from the SMI vibrometric signals and by the solving of non-linear equations governing the SMI behaviour. The calibration method is validated on synthetic SMI signals simulated from SMI governing equations for C ranging from 5 to 20 and α ranging from 4 to 10. Knowing C and α, the SMI is then used as an acoustic pressure sensor. The SPLs obtained using the SMI are compared with a reference microphone, and a maximal deviation of 2.2 dB is obtained for plane waves of amplitudes ranging from 20 to 860 Pa and frequencies from 614 to 17,900 Hz. The SPL measurements are carried out for C values ranging from 7.1 to 21.5.

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Improved displacement sensing by spectral processing of laser self-mixing interferometry signal phase

Amin

Hussain

2021

Optik

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Effect of linewidth enhancement factor on displacement reconstruction and immediate estimation of feedback factor for weak feedback

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Displacement Sensing for Laser Self-Mixing Interferometry by Amplitude Modulation and Integral Reconstruction

Self-Mixing Interferometer for Acoustic Measurements through Vibrometric Calibration

Improved displacement sensing by spectral processing of laser self-mixing interferometry signal phase

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