Effect of lipids on glucagon secretion in man

Andrews, Samuel S.; López, Sergio; Blackard, William G.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(75)90005-0

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Quantitatively, the rise in plasma glucagon after 30 min does not differ significantly between normal subjects (+ 41.2 pg/ml + 4.1, SEM, n = 23) and both groups of insulin-dependent diabetics (+ 28.7 pg/ml + 6.5, SEM, n = 16). These observations further substantiate the concept that plasma FFA levels regulate glucagon [2,12,23] and growth hormone [8] secretion in man as well as in animals. Plasma corticosterone increased in rats following FFA depression [16], but an unequivocal elevation in plasma cortisol was not seen in normal humans [17], probably because the duration of the NA infusion in this study was too short.…”

Section: Effect Of Nicotinic Acid Infusionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…One could, however, argue that the hormonal changes were due, not to FFA depression, but rather to another direct or indirect effect of NA. This was suggested by Andrews et al (1975) in normal subjects. However, the fact that, in diabetics, the stimulant action of NA.…”

Section: Effect Of Nicotinic Acid Infusionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…An acute decrease in plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration also stimulates glucagon [2,12,23] as well as growth hormone [review in 8] secretion under various experimental conditions, as well as in normal man. The present investigation aimed at evaluating the influence of a fall in plasma FFA, induced by nicotinic acid (NA), on glucagon and growth hormone secretion in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of somatostatin on metabolic and hormonal changes induced by nicotinic acid in insulin-dependent diabetics

Luyckx

Lefèbvre

1976

Diabetologia

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Summary. The study investigated the respective influences of nicotinic acid and somatostatin on plasma concentrations of blood glucose, free fatty acids, glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. After administration of nicotinic acid alone, marked depression of plasma FFA was accompanied by significant increases of plasma glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol. The glucagon and growth hormone responses to nicotinic acid were significantly reduced when plasma FFA were raised by intravenous administration of heparin and triglycefides. Somatostatin alone induced a significant decrease in blood glucose, plasma g!ucagon and growth hormone concentrations. Plasma FFA remained unchanged. Somatostatin did not modify the nicotinic acid-induced fall in plasma FFA, but completely blocked the corresponding increments in glucagon and growth hormone. The cortisol rise was not altered by soma~ostatin. Rebound of glucagon and growth hormone levels were seen upon discontinuation of the somatostatin administration. These results demonstrate that the plasma FFA concentration plays a role in the regulation of glucagon and growth hormone secretion in insulin-dependent diabetics. Furthermore, they indicate that somatostatin, previously shown to be capable of negating the stimulatory effect of various factors on glucagon and growth hormone secretion, also affects the response of these hormones to FFA depression.

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Section: Effect Of Nicotinic Acid Infusionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Effect Of Nicotinic Acid Infusionmentioning

confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of somatostatin on metabolic and hormonal changes induced by nicotinic acid in insulin-dependent diabetics

Luyckx

Lefèbvre

1976

Diabetologia

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“…Thus, under the present experimental conditions, the diabetic pancreatic alpha cell was selectively insensitive to glucose, even in the presence of supraphysiologic circulating levels of insulin. DISCUSSION In normal man, elevation of either plasma glucose or plasma FFA levels suppresses glucagon secretion (10,14,(20)(21)(22). In individuals with diabetes mellitus, however, the ability of glucose to suppress glucagon secretion is impaired (10,14,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Elevation of plasma FFA levels suppresses glucagon secretion in several species (16)(17)(18)(19), including man (20)(21)(22). Hyperglucagonemia and elevated plasma FFA levels coexist in diabetic ketoacidosis (23,24), but it is unclear whether, under less stressful conditions and with only mild insulin deficiency, the suppressive effect of FFA on glucagon secretion is impaired in diabetes mellitus as is suppression by glucose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the suppressive effects of elevated plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels on glucagon secretion in normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Evidence for selective alpha-cell insensitivity to glucose in diabetes mellitus.

Gerich¹,

Langlois²,

Noacco³

et al. 1976

J. Clin. Invest.

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ABSTRA CT To examine whether abnormal pancreatic alpha-cell function found in human diabetes mellitus may represent a selective insensitivity to glucose, plasma glucagon responses to hyperglycemia and elevation of plasma free fatty acid levels (both known suppressors of glucagon secretion) were compared in juvenile-onset, insulin-requiring diabetic subjects, and in normal nondiabetic subjects. In the latter, both elevation of plasma free fatty acid levels induced by heparin administration and hyperglycemia produced by intravenous infusion of glucose resulted in a comparable 30-40% suppression of circulating glucagon levels (P < 0.01). In the diabetic subjects, glucagon suppression by hyperglycemia (< 20%) was less than that occurring in normal subjects (P < 0.01), even when accompanied by infusion of supraphysiologic amounts of insulin. However, suppression of glucagon levels by elevation of plasma free fatty acids in the diabetic group was similar to that found in normal subjects and of comparable magnitude to that due to hyperglycemia in the normal subjects. These results thus demonstrate a selective impairment of the diabetic alpha-cell response to glucose and provide further evidence for the presence of

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Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas associated with hypoglycemia.Case report and review of the literature

Diasio

Eanes

Chen

et al. 1979

Cancer

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The occurrence of profound hypoglycemia in a patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is reported. In contrast to the four previously reported cases, no suggestion of excess insulin production was found. Metabolic studies in this patient suggest both increased peripheral glucose utilization and decreased hepatic glucose production as contributing factors which promoted the hypoglycemia.Cancer 43:2457-2464, 1979.YPOGLYCEMIA IS K N O W N to occur in asso-H ciation with a number of nonislet cell tumors.22 An understanding of the mechanism responsible for the hypoglycemia in this diverse group of tumors is lacking.16 Hypoglycemia has previously been reported to occur with adenocarcinoma of the p a n~r e a s .~.~~.~~ In this subgroup, it has been attributed to excess insulin production secondary to changes in adjacent pancreatic t i s s~e .~~-~~-~~ We wish to report a fifth case of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas associated with profound hypoglycemia, but in which no evidence could be found for excess insulin. CASE REPORTA 67-year-old black woman with known metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas was transferred to the Medical College of Virginia Hospital after having presented to a local hospital emergency room "weak and confused" with marked hypoglycemia. The patient had been in excellent health throughout life until five months earlier when, because of weight loss, abdominal distress, and jaundice, she was hospitalized for evaluation culminating in an exploratory laparotomy. At laparotomy a hard mass (10 mm x 15 mm) was found in the head of the pancreas which on histologic review was noted to be adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Because of biopsy-proven lymph node and liver involvement, only palliative surgery was done with a gastrojejunostomy and cholecystojejunostomy. T h e postoperative period was unremarkable and the patient was started on a regimen of 4000 rads to the head of the pancreas in combination with weekly 5-fluorouracil ( 1 5 mg/kg iv).T h e patient tolerated the above regimen during the four months followingsurgery. During the fifth month her husband became aware of gradual changes in her behavior with increasing confusion and lethargy. When this progressed to unresponsiveness, the patient was brought to the emergency room.On the admission physical examination, the patient was noted to be a cachectic, elderly black female who was tachypneic, nondiaphoretic and responding only to painful stimuli. Pertinent findings included a 2 cm x 2 cm hard fixed lymph node in the left supraclavicular space and an enlarged liver (14 cm span in right midclavicular line). Other than the state of consciousness, the neurologic exam was within normal limits with no focal defects.In the emergency room, blood samples were immediately drawn following which two ampules of 50% dextrose in water (50 g glucose) were administered intravenously. Initial laboratory studies revealed a plasma glucose of 16 mg/dl accompanied by an electrolyte pattern suggestive of a metabolic acidosis. N o ketones were noted in the ser...

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Effect of lipids on glucagon secretion in man

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of somatostatin on metabolic and hormonal changes induced by nicotinic acid in insulin-dependent diabetics

Effect of somatostatin on metabolic and hormonal changes induced by nicotinic acid in insulin-dependent diabetics

Comparison of the suppressive effects of elevated plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels on glucagon secretion in normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Evidence for selective alpha-cell insensitivity to glucose in diabetes mellitus.

Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas associated with hypoglycemia.Case report and review of the literature

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