Effect of liposomal fluidity on skin permeation of sodium fluorescein entrapped in liposomes

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ultradeformable liposome components, Tween 20 and terpenes, on vesicle fluidity. The fluidity was evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy using 5-doxyl stearic acid and 16-doxyl stearic acid as spin labels for phospholipid bilayer fluidity at the C5 atom of the acyl chain near the polar head group (hydrophilic region) and the C16 atom of the acyl chain (lipophilic region), respectively. The electron spin resonance study revealed that Tween 20 increased the fluidity at the C5 atom of the acyl chain, whereas terpenes increased the fluidity at the C16 atom of the acyl chain of the phospholipid bilayer. The increase in liposomal fluidity resulted in the increased skin penetration of sodium fluorescein. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that ultradeformable liposomes with terpenes increase the skin penetration of sodium fluorescein by enhancing hair follicle penetration.

Penetration rates into the stratum corneum layer: A novel quantitative indicator for assessing skin barrier function

“… 14 Fluorescein sodium salt is a representative fluorescent substance commonly used in ophthalmology, 15 as it is harmless to the human body. 16 Furthermore, it has been used in studies on skin health, such as studies on the correlation between liposome fluidity and transdermal drug delivery 17 and those on the protective effect of barrier creams on the skin surface. 18 In a solution, fluorescein sodium salt absorbs blue light and emits green to yellow fluorescence.…”

Transdermal Adhesive Patches Loaded with Ketoprofen Evaluated by Dynamic Detection of Percutaneous Absorption

“…So far, different transdermal formulations and several physical techniques have been employed to improve the percutaneous absorption. Formulations such as liposomes, niosomes, ointments, creams, gels, and patches and enhancement techniques such as microneedles treatment, iontophoresis, therapeutic frequency sonophoresis, electroporation, and microdermabrasion have been investigated for transdermal delivery of ketoprofen (3,(6)(7)(8). In the clinical field, ketoprofen patches have been commercially available in Japan (MOHRUS®, 40 mg/140 cm 2 ) and Korea (KETOTOP®, 30 mg/70 cm 2 ) (9,10).…”