Effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Actisaf Sc 47) supplementation on the performance and hindgut microbiota composition of weanling pigs

Abstract

As an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, live yeast supplementation has proven useful in reducing weaning stress and improving performance parameters of piglets. Here, we compared the performance and hindgut microbiota of weanling piglets subjected to different pre- and post-weaning yeast supplementation regimens using a live strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Actisaf Sc 47). Average feed intake and average daily weight gain of piglets within Yeast-Control and Yeast-Yeast groups were higher than those in the Control-Control group. Yeast supplementation resulted in development of microbial communities that were phylogenetically more homogenous and less dispersed compared to the microbiota of control piglets. Key bacterial taxa overrepresented in the microbiota of yeast supplemented piglets included phylum Actinobacteria, specifically family Coriobacteriaceae, as well as Firmicutes families Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Peptococcaceae. Correlation network analysis revealed that yeast supplementation was associated with enrichment of positive correlations among proportions of different bacterial genera within the hindgut ecosystem. In particular, within the cecal microbiota of supplemented piglets, higher numbers of positive correlations were observed among potentially beneficial genera of the phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, suggesting a mechanism by which yeast supplementation may contribute to regulation of intestinal homeostasis and improved performance of piglets.

Supplemental Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 manipulates intestinal structure and microbial composition in broiler chickens

“…The positive correlations indicate cooperative interactions or the presence of common biological functions between taxa, while negative correlations could be indicative of competitive interactions between taxa 48 . A previous study confirmed an improved interaction pattern of gut microbiota in pigs fed with yeast probiotic 49 . In the present study, a diet-dependent co-occurrence network of cecal microbiota in broilers was observed.…”

“…To sum up, supplemental B . subtilis DSM 32315 resulted in a more intricate interaction pattern of cecal microbiota, which might be translated into improvements of growth performance and gut health of broilers 49 .…”

Effects of dietary supplementation with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and yeast culture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum indices and faeces microbiota of weaned piglets

“…Previous studies indicate that yeast culture is a good candidate to be an antibiotic alternative improving growth performance and modulating gut immune response in weaned piglets (Shen et al, 2009;Trckova et al, 2014). Dietary supplementation of yeast culture has been proved to improve milk production of cows and growth performance of weaning pigs (Hansen et al, 2017;Kiros et al, 2018). However, in some studies it was reported that the addition of yeast culture did not affect the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) or FCR of piglets and modified yeast culture (yeast culture + cell wall product (CWP) containing mannan oligosaccharides) would not improve the performance or health of weanling pigs (PeetSchwering et al, 2007).…”

Early Inoculation of Microbial Suspension in Suckling Piglets Affects the Transmission of Maternal Microbiota and the Associated Antibiotic Resistance Genes

“…The age at which the piglets are susceptible to their surrounding microbial communities is still unknown, but the pre-weaning period seems to be the most well-adapted: (a) co-housed piglets suddenly develop very similar communities at around 2–3 weeks of age [ 14 ]; (b) feeding yeast to piglets before weaning impacts the average daily weight gain of the piglets, whereas feeding yeast after weaning does not [ 43 ]; (c) feeding a complex community to piglets between 10 and 18 days of age changed the microbial community in a way that increased robustness when the piglets are submitted to an early weaning at 21 days [ 40 ]; and (d) cross-fostering an obese typical Chinese piglet breed and a lean Western breed demonstrated the impact of the nursing mother on the piglets’ microbiota and interleukin 10 [ 44 ]. In other species, the microbial environment in early life is also more important than the microbial imprint at birth, as revealed by the cross-adoption of 1-day-old rabbits [ 13 ].…”