Effect of load impedance on the signal loss of human body communication

Hwang, Jung Hwan; Sung, Jongwoo; Kim, S.E.; Kim, J.K.; Park, D.K.; Hyoung, Chang‐Hee; Park, K.H.; Park, Hyung-Il; Lim, I.G.; Kim, J.B.; Kim, Kyeong Soo; Kang, Sangseung

doi:10.1109/aps.2007.4396221

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the hand is modeled simply with one finger and palm. For accurate simulation, the model is composed of five tissues as in a real arm [2]- [3]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of transmitter’s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

Hwang

Myoung

Kang

et al. 2008

2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

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“…Furthermore, the hand is modeled simply with one finger and palm. For accurate simulation, the model is composed of five tissues as in a real arm [2]- [3]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of the electrode is 1 cm × 1 cm. The transmitter has a crystal oscillator to generate a constant voltage and impresses a current into the body through the signal electrode [3]. The receiver has a load resistor of 10 MΩ and the voltage on the load resistor is measured with the voltage probe and the spectrum analyzer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transmitter’s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

Hwang

Myoung

Kang

et al. 2008

2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

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“…Intrabody communication using a human body as a transmission conductor has been investigated in order to achieve personal area networks for communication between wearable information devices and sensors (7,9–13). A data transmitter using a human body as a signal transmission medium was employed for ECG monitoring, and the transmitter was able to transmit analog ECG signals between the left chest and left forearm with a carrier frequency of 70 kHz (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data receiver consists of an L‐C tuned circuit and an ASK demodulator. Resonant frequency of the L‐C tuned circuit is tuned to each carrier frequency in order to reduce loss in data reception (9).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Transcutaneous Bidirectional Communication for Monitoring Implanted Artificial Heart Using the Human Body as a Conductive Medium

et al. 2012

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A transcutaneous communication system (TCS) is a key technology for monitoring and controlling artificial hearts and other artificial organs in the body. In this study, we developed a new TCS that uses the human body as a conductive medium. Direct data exchange provides a higher level of communication security compared to that of wireless methods without physical constraints such as an external wire. The external and internal units of the new TCS each consist mainly of a data transmitter and a data receiver. The data transmitter has an amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulator (carrier frequencies: 4 and 10 MHz) and an electrode. The ASK-modulated data current is led into the body through the electrode, and it flows back to the energy source through the body, the data receiver, and the earth ground that includes all conductors and dielectrics in the environment that are in close proximity to the patient. Performance of the TCS was evaluated by a communication test on the surface of the human body and in an animal experiment using a goat. The TCS was able to transmit data concurrently for 4 weeks between everywhere on the surface of the body and everywhere inside the body under full-duplex communication at a transmission rate of 115 kbps. The power consumption of each TCS unit was 125 mW with an ASK-modulated current of 7 mA (root-mean-square). While further study is required to secure its safety, the newly developed TCS has promise to be a next-generation transcutaneous communication device.

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“…However, the mechanism of an L-C resonance incorporating the human body has not been studied. Hwang et al already reported the design of a data-receiving circuit of intra-body communication [8], but an optimal interface for data transmission has not been found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface of data transmission for a transcutaneous communication system using the human body as transmission medium

et al. 2011

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We have been developing a new transcutaneous communication system (TCS) that uses the human body as an electrical conductive medium. We studied an interface circuit of the TCS in order to optimize the leading data current into the human body effectively. Two types of LC circuits were examined for the interface circuit, one was an LC series-parallel circuit, and the other was a parallel-connected LC circuit. The LC series-parallel circuit connected to the body could be tuned to a resonant frequency, and the frequency was determined by the values of an external inductor and an external capacitor. Permittivity of the body did not influence the electrical resonance. Connection of the LC series-parallel circuit to the body degraded the quality factor Q because of the conductivity of the body. However, the LC parallel-connected circuit when connected to the body did not indicate electrical resonance. The LC series-parallel circuit restricts a direct current and a low-frequency current to flow into the body; thus, it can prevent a patient from getting a shock. According to the above results, an LC series-parallel circuit is an optimum interface circuit between the TCS and the body for leading data current into the body effectively and safely.

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Effect of load impedance on the signal loss of human body communication

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of transmitter’s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

Effects of transmitter’s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

A New Transcutaneous Bidirectional Communication for Monitoring Implanted Artificial Heart Using the Human Body as a Conductive Medium

Interface of data transmission for a transcutaneous communication system using the human body as transmission medium

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Effect of load impedance on the signal loss of human body communication

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of transmitter&#x2019;s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

Effects of transmitter&#x2019;s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

A New Transcutaneous Bidirectional Communication for Monitoring Implanted Artificial Heart Using the Human Body as a Conductive Medium

Interface of data transmission for a transcutaneous communication system using the human body as transmission medium

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Product

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Effects of transmitter’s location on the signal loss of the human body communication

Effects of transmitter’s location on the signal loss of the human body communication