Effect of long-term exposure of mixture of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles on Scenedesmus obliquus

Toxicity of the mixture of nanoparticles to algae–bacteria consortia in OECD media

“…The previous study by Rana and Kumar has shown a similar effect of EPSs due to the long-term exposure to nanoparticles of algae. 35 In the Zhou et al study, due to the EPS formation internalization of nanoparticles occurred and resulted in reduced toxicity of nanoparticles. 90 EPSs are produced by bacteria and microalgae through excretion, sorption, or cell lysis, and are mainly composed of polysaccharides and proteins with a certain amount of lipids, DNA, and humic substances.…”

“…125). 19,32–38 Therefore, the chances of ZnO and CuO NPs entering into natural waters, streams, and wastewater are very high. 39 Corresponding metal ion toxicity of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles has already been characterized.…”