Effect of long-term Intralipid^® administration in mice

Abstract

Intralipid was administered intravenously to mice at a level of 2 g kg-1 day-1 for 23 days. No alterations in phagocytic index, liver or spleen size were observed in the chronically injected mice as compared with control mice that received saline injections. Tissue distribution of 0.45 micron multilamellar liposomes of egg phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol (2:1) was similar in mice that had been chronically injected with Intralipid to that in control mice. Mice chronically given the same total amount of phospholipid in the form of 0.2 micron liposomes of phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol (2:1) rather than as a lipid-triglyceride emulsion showed altered tissue distribution of entrapped label with decreased liver uptake and increased splenic uptake, which is indicative of reticuloendothelial blockade. Tissue distribution of [14C]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Intralipid was compared with that of [14C]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 0.2 micron MLV of phosphatidylcholine:cholesterol (2:1). Intralipid was taken up 2- to 3-fold less by liver and 5- to 10-fold less by spleen than liposomes. Blood levels of Intralipid were higher than those of liposomes. [14C]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Intralipid was eliminated from the body at a faster rate than [14C]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes. The lack of reticuloendothelial blockade caused by Intralipid as compared with liposomes appears to be related to its diminished uptake into reticuloendothelial tissues. This diminished uptake may be related to differences in apolipoprotein uptake of Intralipid, which is primarily in the form of a phospholipid monolayer, and liposomes, which have their phospholipid organized into a bilayer.

Impacts of Intralipid on Nanodrug Abraxane Therapy and on the Innate Immune System

“…In the present study, the in-vitro macrophage differentiation model is established to observe the alternations of macrophages in an Intralipid-containing environment. As previously reported, the endocytic abilities of macrophages are not changed after Intralipid treatment 48 . M1-like populations are increased in Intralipid-treated macrophages (Figs.…”

Emulsified Perfluorochemicals as Respiratory Gas Carriers: Recovery of Perfluorodecalin Emulsion Droplets from Rat Tissues

“…This is not surprising since the vapour pressure of F D C is 16.5 mBar at 37-C and thus, micron-sized droplets would be expected to evaporate rapidly. This contrasts sharply with droplets of involatile triglycerides (such as those used for parenteral feeding) which are suspected to have much longer local residence, causing pulmonary microemboli (Appelgren & Rossner 1980;Allen & Murray 1985). The shorter residence times of F D C droplets predicted in the present experiments may reduce the risk of pulmonary damage by this mechan-Ism, compared to less volatile compounds (Riess & Le Blanc 1988) which arc not as attractive for intravascular applications.…”

Parenteral lipid emulsions and phagocytic systems

“…Despite reports indicating inhibitory effects of LCT LE, including anatomical-pathological alterations of monocytes and macrophages (Strunk et al 1979;Nugent, 1984), other evaluations of the effect of LCT and MCT/LCT LE infusions in animals showed no alterations of phagocytosis and other monocyte/macrophage functions at different doses and periods and rates of infusion (Nishiwaki et al 1986;Allen & Murray, 1986;Waitzberg et al 1996). Moreover it seems that there are distinct macrophage responses to intravenous infusion of LE according to the anatomical origin of macrophages.…”