Effect of Lotus Seed Resistant Starch on Lactic Acid Conversion to Butyric Acid Fermented by Rat Fecal Microbiota

Abstract

The aim was to investigate the effect of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) on lactic acid (LA) conversion to butyric acid (BA) fermented by rat fecal microbiota to construct an acetyl CoA pathway. According to growth curves, the microbiota compositions at 10 and 36 h were further analyzed. The microbiota in the LRS group had higher richness and diversity compared to glucose (GLU) and high amylose maize starch (HAMS). Moreover, LRS and isotope LA promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bif idobacterium, promoted BA production, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia−Shigella. The BUT pathway played a dominant role in three groups. At 10 h, Escherichia−Shigella and Bif idobacterium showed a negative correlation with BUT and a positive correlation with BUK, whereas Escherichia−Shigella, Allobaculum, Bif idobacterium, and Ralstonia showed a positive correlation with BUT and BUK at 36 h. [3-13 C] LA was converted to [4-13 C] BA by the isotope labeling technique. Finally, LRS promoted LA conversion to BA mainly by the BUT pathway in intestinal microbiota, especially including Allobaculum, Bif idobacterium, and Ralstonia.

Potentially Health-Promoting Spaghetti-Type Pastas Based on Doubly Modified Corn Starch: Starch Oxidation via Wet Chemistry Followed by Organocatalytic Butyrylation Using Reactive Extrusion

“…It should be noted that this order was assigned only considering the RS content values itself. However, chemical characteristics of this type of RSs could increase their potential health benefits, in terms of SCFAs released and absorbed in the colon and the potential benefit on the growth of the probiotic microbiota [ 36 , 66 , 67 ]. For this reason, more studies are required to clearly establish the health promotion of this type of pasta.…”

“…In contrast, An [ 26 ] observed an opposite trend, which was attributed to the fact that oxidation hydrolytically degraded amylopectin and amylose (specifically in the amorphous regions of starch – amylose), thus facilitating the action of α-amylase. Likewise, the chemical modification of starch via organocatalytic esterification reaction using short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) precursors such as sodium butyrate (C 4 H 7 NaO 2 —NaBu) has been little studied in order to (1) increase the RS content [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], (2) raise the beneficial effect they cause on colon health [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], (3) regulate cholesterol in the blood [ 34 ], (4) modulate oxidative stress of colonic mucosa [ 35 ] and (5) enhance the growth of the colonic probiotic microbiota [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Additionally, the use of NaBu as a precursor of Bu to be grafted (esterified) onto the starch structure with the aim of obtaining REx-processed butyrylated starches has not yet been studied.…”

Prebiotic potential of enzymatically prepared resistant starch in reshaping gut microbiota and their respond to body physiology

“…utilizing unmodified tapioca starch for a feeding period of 180-d observed the variation in cecal aerobic microflora with elevation of lactobacilli , while rats feeding with hydroxypropyl starch resulted in complete reduction of streptococci [ 36 ]. Previous research also showed that taking RS containing food also increase the proportion of microbes like lactobacillus and bifidobacteria in rats [ 31 , 37 ]. Whereas, Sáez-Orviz et al has also been confirmed that starch granules get penetrated in the probiotic bacterial cell and the bacteria degraded the starch granules analysed under by electron microscope [ 38 ].…”

Anti-diabetic effects of natural and modified ‘Ganzhou’ navel orange peel pectin on type 2 diabetic mice via gut microbiota

“…The contents of SCFAs were determined using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) (Agilent 1200; Agilent Technologies Inc.) by the method reported by Zhiyun Wang. 24 First, 100 mg sample was acidified with aqueous sulfuric acid (0.12 mL, 2.5 mM). Volatile fatty acids were extracted by vibration centrifugation (5 000 rpm, 10 min).…”

“…In this work, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed according to the methods described by Zhiyun Wang. 24 Microbial community genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples using the E.Z.N.A.® soil DNA Kit (Omega Bio-tek, Norcross, GA, U.S.) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The DNA extract was checked on 1% agarose gel, and the DNA concentration and purity were determined using a NanoDrop 2000 UV-vis spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific, Wilmington, USA).…”