Effect of Low-and High-Dose Atorvastatin on Carotid Artery Distensibility Using Carotid Magnetic Resonance Imaging ^|^mdash;A Post-Hoc Sub Group Analysis of ATHEROMA (Atorvastatin Therapy: Effects on Reduction of Macrophage Activity) Study

Sadat, Umar; Howarth, Simon; Usman, Ammara; Taviani, Valentina; Tang, Tjun Yip; Graves, Martin J.; Gillard, Jonathan H.

doi:10.5551/jat.12633

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It was previously reported that high dose atorvastatin tends to reduce vessel stiffness [34, 35]. In our study, no correlation was found between distensibility and clinical variables.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

The relationship between coronary artery distensibility and fractional flow reserve

et al. 2017

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Discordance between angiography-based anatomical assessment of coronary stenosis severity and fractional flow reserve (FFR) has been attributed to several factors including lesion length and irregularity, and the myocardial territory supplied by the target vessel. We sought to examine if coronary arterial distensibility is an independent contributor to this discordance. There were two parts to this study. The first consisted of “in silico” models of 26 human coronary arteries. Computational fluid dynamics-derived FFR was calculated for fully rigid, partially distensible and fully distensible models of the 26 arteries. The second part of the study consisted of 104 patients who underwent coronary angiography and FFR measurement. Distensibility at the lesion site (DistensibilityMLA) and for the reference vessel (DistensibilityRef) was determined by analysing three-dimensional angiography images during end-systole and end-diastole. Computational fluid dynamics-derived FFR was 0.67±0.19, 0.70±0.18 and 0.75±0.17 (P<0.001) in the fully rigid, partially distensible and fully distensible models respectively. FFR correlated with both DistensibilityMLA (r = 0.36, P<0.001) and DistensibilityRef (r = 0.44, P<0.001). Two-way ANCOVA analysis revealed that DistensibilityMLA (F (1, 100) = 4.17, p = 0.031) and percentage diameter stenosis (F (1, 100) = 60.30, p < 0.01) were both independent predictors of FFR. Coronary arterial distensibility is a novel, independent determinant of FFR, and an important factor contributing to the discordance between anatomical and functional assessment of stenosis severity.

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“…It was previously reported that high dose atorvastatin tends to reduce vessel stiffness [34, 35]. In our study, no correlation was found between distensibility and clinical variables.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

The relationship between coronary artery distensibility and fractional flow reserve

et al. 2017

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“…31,32 We have also recently demonstrated the contribution of the tumor microenvironment to nerve invasion by cancer. 17,33 This paracrine loop between nerve and tumor cells probably enhances tumor's invasiveness, resulting in patient's dismal outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Collaborative Validation of Intraneural Invasion as a Prognostic Marker in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Amit¹,

Binenbaum²,

Trejo-Leider³

et al. 2014

J Neurol Surg B

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Background. The purpose of this study was to characterize the incidence, pattern of spread, and prognostic correlation of nerve invasion in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Methods. Using 3 different pathological categories of perineural invasion, intraneural invasion, and perineural inflammation, we investigated the prognostic value of nerve invasion in a total of 495 ACCs from 9 international patient cohorts with median follow-up 90 months (range, 12-288 months). Results. Of 239 patients (48%) with nerve invasion, 174 (73%) had perineural invasion, 65 (27%) intraneural invasion, and 37 (15%) perineural inflammation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified tumor site (p 5 .008; hazard ratio [HR] 5 1.8; 95% confidence interval[CI] 5 0.07-3.7) and intraneural invasion (p < .001; HR 5 5.9; 95% CI 5 0.8-12.3) as independent prognostic markers for both overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), but not of distant metastases. Conclusion. Although perineural invasion has no impact on survival, intraneural invasion is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Recognition of intraneural invasion may help optimize treatment of patients with head and neck ACC.

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“…On the other hand, AS is an independent predictor of survival in the general population [34]. Given that some statins play a role in improvement of renal function and in arterial "destiffening" [27][28][29][30][31]35,36], it has been suggested that the statin dose and the specific compound play a major role in achieving improvement of GFR and reduction of AS and CVD risk [37]. Indeed, statins have been shown to substantially reduce AS in patients with CKD [38].…”

Section: As In Mets-associated Ckdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating Arterial Stiffness Associated with Features of Metabolic Syndrome Not Included in its Diagnostic Criteria: Cutting Off the Heads of Lernaean Hydra, Keeper of the Underworld

Athyros¹,

Ferlita²,

Τζιόμαλος³

et al. 2013

TOHYPERJ

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Abstract:The clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors, regardless if this is called metabolic syndrome (MetS) or not, substantially increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. One of the possible mechanisms of the rise in CVD incidence is the increase in arterial stiffness (AS), which is a significant and independent CVD risk factor. Hypertension has long been connected to AS. Besides MetS components (obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, dysglycaemia), MetS-associated disease states, not included in the MetS diagnostic criteria (renal dysfunction, hyperuricaemia, non alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, polycystic ovary syndrome and hypercoaglutability) have been implicated in the increase of CVD risk through the increase of AS, among other mechanisms. Treatment options for AS induced by these non-diagnostic features of MetS are discussed. The impact of lifestyle changes is analyzed. Among pharmacological interventions, statin treatment seams to hold a pivotal role. Furthermore, we discuss specific measures for each disease state separately.

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Effect of Low-and High-Dose Atorvastatin on Carotid Artery Distensibility Using Carotid Magnetic Resonance Imaging ^|^mdash;A Post-Hoc Sub Group Analysis of ATHEROMA (Atorvastatin Therapy: Effects on Reduction of Macrophage Activity) Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

The relationship between coronary artery distensibility and fractional flow reserve

The relationship between coronary artery distensibility and fractional flow reserve

International Collaborative Validation of Intraneural Invasion as a Prognostic Marker in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Treating Arterial Stiffness Associated with Features of Metabolic Syndrome Not Included in its Diagnostic Criteria: Cutting Off the Heads of Lernaean Hydra, Keeper of the Underworld

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