Effect of low androgen levels on transient receptor potential channels expression in rat penile corpus cavernosum tissue and its relationship with erectile function

Ou, Zhi-Fu; Zhu, Liangjun; Liu, Qinwen; Jiang, Jun; Jiang, Rui

doi:10.1111/and.14477

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…After DAB staining, the mean integral optical density values of the positive expression of the brown-yellow stain granules observed under a microscope were measured by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 (Media Cybernetics Inc). 39 , 40 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transfection rate was the proportion of green fluorescence cells to the general count of cells (green fluorescence protein/DAPI × 100%). 39 , 40 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, an electrochemiluminescence solution (Beyotime Biotechnology Co, Ltd) was used to immerse the membranes for exposure by the protein imaging system (Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc). 38 , 39 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Downregulation of the expression of galanin impairs erectile function in hypoandrogenic rats

Yuan

Xiong

et al. 2023

Sexual Medicine

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Background The relationship between galanin and erectile function under low androgen levels is still unclear. Aim To explore whether a low testosterone level damages the erection of a rat by regulating the expression of galanin and GalR in penile cavernous tissue. Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats, 8 weeks of age, were randomly grouped as follows (n = 6): control, castration, castration + testosterone replacement, control + transfection, castration + transfection, and castration + empty transfection. At 4 weeks after castration, rats in the transfection group were injected with lentivirus carrying the targeting galanin gene (2 × 108 TU/mL, 10 μL) in the corpus cavernosum. After 1 week of injection, the intracavernosal pressure (ICP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), nitric oxide (NO), serum testosterone concentration, galanin, GalR1-3, ROCK1, ROCK2, and p-eNOS/eNOS in the rat penile tissues were evaluated. Outcomes ICPmax/MAP and the expression of galanin in the corpus cavernosum in castrated rats were obviously decreased as compared with those in the control rats. Results The castrated rats showed remarkably lower ICPmax/MAP, galanin, GalR1-3, p-eNOS/eNOS, and NO content and markedly higher ROCK1 and ROCK2 in penile tissues than the control group (P < .05). The transfected rats administrated with LV Gal had obviously higher ICPmax/MAP, p-eNOS/eNOS, and NO content and less ROCK1 and ROCK2 protein expression in the corpus cavernosum when compared with the castration group (P < .05). Clinical Translation Upregulating the expression of galanin in the penile corpus cavernosum might be a novel method of treating erectile dysfunction caused by a low androgen level. Strengths and Limitations The conclusions obtained in the animal experiments need to be confirmed in human data. Conclusion The erectile function of hypoandrogen rats might be inhibited by downregulating the level of galanin and GalR1-3, upregulating ROCK1 and ROCK2 levels, and inhibiting the eNOS/NO signaling pathway in penile corpus cavernosum.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transfection rate was the proportion of green fluorescence cells to the general count of cells (green fluorescence protein/DAPI × 100%). 39 , 40 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Downregulation of the expression of galanin impairs erectile function in hypoandrogenic rats

Yuan

Xiong

et al. 2023

Sexual Medicine

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Androgens and erectile dysfunction: from androgen deficiency to treatment

Wang,

Jiang

2024

Sexual Medicine Reviews

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Introduction Androgens play important roles in regulating the growth and development of the male reproductive system and maintaining libido and erectile function. The specific mechanisms by which androgen deficiency leads to erectile dysfunction (ED) are not yet fully understood. Objectives To understand the mechanisms and treatment of androgen deficiency–related ED. Methods A literature search in the past 10 years was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar to determine the effects of androgen deficiency on erectile function and the treatment of androgen deficiency. Results Androgen deficiency can be caused by hypothalamic-pituitary lesions and injuries, testicular-related diseases and injuries, endocrine and metabolic disorders, the side effects of medication, and age. Androgen deficiency can lead to ED by inhibiting the NOS/NO/cGMP pathway (nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate) and altering the expression of ion channel proteins, as well as by inducing oxidative stress, death, and fibrosis in penile corpus cavernosum cells. Testosterone replacement therapy is effective at improving the serum testosterone levels and erectile function in patients with androgen deficiency. For patients who need to maintain a low androgenic state, erectile function can be improved by lifestyle changes, treatment with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy, and stem cell therapy. Conclusions Androgen deficiency can affect the structure and function of the penile corpus cavernosum, leading to ED. Areas of further study include how androgen replacement therapy can improve erectile function and how to improve the maintenance of erectile function in patients with hypoandrogenic status.

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A negative association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and testosterone in adult males: a cross-sectional study

Fang

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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Background and objectivesInsulin resistance (IR) is closely related to the decline or deficiency of testosterone in males. Triglyceride glucose-body mass (TyG-BMI) is considered to be a novel indicator of IR. We conducted this analysis to investigate the association between TyG-BMI and male testosterone, and to explore whether its ability to predict testosterone deficiency is superior to HOMA-IR and TyG.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011–2016). The TyG-BMI index was calculated from serum triglyceride, fasting plasma glucose and BMI. The association of TyG-BMI with male testosterone was estimated by weighted multivariable regression.ResultsWe included 3394 participants for the final analysis. After adjusting for confounders, TyG-BMI was found to show an independent negative association with testosterone (β=-1.12, 95%CI: -1.50, -0.75, P<0.0001). Multivariate-adjusted beta also showed testosterone levels were significantly lower in the two highest TyG-BMI group (Q3, Q4) compared to the lowest group (Q1). Similar results were seen in all of the subgroup populations by stratified analysis (all P-interaction >0.05). Furthermore, ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve of TyG-BMI index (0.73, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.75) was larger than that of HOMA-IR index (0.71, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.73) and TyG index (0.66, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.68).ConclusionOur result suggested a negative association between TyG-BMI index and testosterone in adult males. The predictability of the TyG-BMI index for testosterone deficiency is better than that of HOMA-IR index and TyG index.

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Effect of low androgen levels on transient receptor potential channels expression in rat penile corpus cavernosum tissue and its relationship with erectile function

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Downregulation of the expression of galanin impairs erectile function in hypoandrogenic rats

Downregulation of the expression of galanin impairs erectile function in hypoandrogenic rats

Androgens and erectile dysfunction: from androgen deficiency to treatment

A negative association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and testosterone in adult males: a cross-sectional study

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