Effect of low-dose acute X-irradiation on the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro

Pohl-Rüling, J.; Fischer, Patricia; Haas, Oskar A.; Obe, Günter; Natarajan, A.T.; Buul, Paul P.W. van; Buckton, K. E.; Bianchi, Néstor O.; Larramendy, Marcelo L.; Kuçerová, M; Poliková, Z.; Léonard, A.; Fabry, L.; Palitti, F.; Sharma, T.; Binder, Wolfgang H.; Mukherjee, R.; Mukherjee, Urmi

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(83)90019-2

Cited by 89 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ž . Journal of Exposure Analysis and Enzironmental Epidemiology 1999 9 2somes, is actually higher than assumed in our estimate ŽBrandom et al, 1978b;Stenstrand et al, 1979;Pohl and Pohl-Ruling, 1982;Pohl-Ruling and Fischer, 1983;. Bauchinger et al, 1994.…”

Section: The Radiation-induced Proportion Of the Background Rate For Diccontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…This rather low exposure is in contradiction to the fact that persons living in atmospheres of elevated radon concentration show significantly increased chromosome aber-Ž rations in their peripheral lymphocytes Brandom et al, 1978b;Stenstrand et al, 1979;Pohl and Pohl-Ruling, 1982;Pohl-Ruling and Fischer, 1983;Bauchinger et al, . 1994;Bauchinger et al, 1996 .…”

Section: Aõerage Exposure Of the General Population To Radiation Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Pohl-Ruling et al, 1983Lloyd et al, 1992 . Firsẗ results indicated that in order to prevent induced aberra-Ž tions from being altered "derived chromosome aberra-.…”

Section: ( ) Deõelopment and Standardization Of The Dicentric Dic Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant elevations of dic and centric r were observed in populations exposed to environmental radiation. Various sources of exposure were considered, among these elevated levels Ž of terrestric background radiation Barcinski et al, 1975;. Pohl-Ruling and Fischer, 1983;Wang et al, 1990 , cosmic Ž .…”

Section: Sensitiõitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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How radiation-specific is the dicentric assay?

Hoffmann

Schmitz-Feuerhake

1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Question: Quantitative cytogenetic analysis of structural chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes is widely used as an assay to Ž . detect and quantify exposure to a variety of clastogens. Unstable chromosome rearrangements, dicentric chromosomes dic and centric ring chromosomes Ž . Ž . centric r , are routinely used as biomarkers to assess human exposure to ionizing radiation "biological dosimetry" . In the moderate-to high-dose range many authors consider the dic assay sufficiently radiation-specific for both practical and legal purposes. However, specificity has never been evaluated in quantitative terms. The high sensitivity of the assay would in principle allow for applications in the range of low-dose exposure which has been a major concern in epidemiologic studies. Validity of the assay then critically depends on specificity. Methods: A mathematical model is proposed which includes as parameters the decline of dicentric aberrations in ÕiÕo, the linear dose coefficient for the induction of dic and the average total radiation exposure of the population. To assess radiation-specificity of the dic assay the equilibrium dicentric rate due to radiation is compared to measurements of the background rate of dic in unexposed controls. Results: Environmental and medical radiation combined account for at least about 80% of the average background level of dicentrics. Conclusion: It is concluded that the dicentric assay is highly specific for ionizing radiation and can therefore be used to assess prior exposure in the dose range of interest in environmental epidemiology.

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Section: The Radiation-induced Proportion Of the Background Rate For Diccontrasting

confidence: 46%

Section: Aõerage Exposure Of the General Population To Radiation Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Pohl-Ruling et al, 1983Lloyd et al, 1992 . Firsẗ results indicated that in order to prevent induced aberra-Ž tions from being altered "derived chromosome aberra-.…”

Section: ( ) Deõelopment and Standardization Of The Dicentric Dic Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensitiõitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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How radiation-specific is the dicentric assay?

Hoffmann

Schmitz-Feuerhake

1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…There is some evidence from animal data for substantial low-dose curvilinearity, and even possible threshold effects, in the induction of skin cancer (24) and leukemia (25) in mice. There are indications of beneficial or hormetic effects ofvery low-dose irradiation (0.004 Gy) in some large chromosomal aberration studies (26), although there may be problems with these data, the findings from which have not been duplicated in other studies (27). Cancers in general, and leukemias in particular, are assumed to be stochastic effects for which there generally are no expectations of a dose threshold; however, a threshold might be expected for certain other categories of deterministic effects such as sterility or cataract induction (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curvilinearity in the dose-response curve for cancer in Japanese atomic bomb survivors.

Little¹,

Muirhead²

1997

Environ Health Perspect

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Recently released data on cancer incidence in Japanese atomic bomb survivors are analyzed using a variety of relative risk models that take account of errors in estimates of dose to assess the dose response at low doses. If a relative risk model with a threshold (the dose response is assumed linear above the threshold) is fitted to solid cancer data, a threshold of more than about 0.2 Sv is inconsistent with the data, whereas these data are consistent with there being no threshold. Among solid cancer subtypes there is strong evidence for a possible dose threshold only for nonmelanoma skin cancer. If a relative risk model with a threshold (the dose response is assumed linear above the threshold) is fitted to the leukemia data, a threshold of more than about 0.3 Sv is inconsistent with the data. In contrast to the estimates for the threshold level for solid cancer data, the best estimate for the threshold level in the leukemia data is significantly different from zero even when allowance is made for a possible quadratic term in the dose response, albeit at borderline levels of statistical significance (p= 0.04). There is little evidence for curvature in the leukemia dose response from 0.2 Sv upwards. However, possible underestimation of the errors in the estimates of the dose threshold as a result of confounding and uncertainties not taken into account in the analysis, together with the lack of biological plausibility of a threshold, makes interpretation of this finding questionable.Environ Health Perspect 105(Suppl 6): 1505-1509 (1997)

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Rapid metaphase and interphase detection of radiation‐induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes by chromosomal suppression in situ hybridization

Cremer¹,

Popp²,

Emmerich³

et al. 1990

Cytometry

131

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Chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS)‐hybridization of biotinylated phage DNA‐library inserts from sorted human chromosomes was used to decorate chromosomes 1 and 7 specifically from pter to qter and to detect structural aberrations of these chromosomes in irradiated human peripheral lymphocytes. In addition, probe pUC1.77 was used to mark the Iq12 subregion in normal and aberrant chromosomes 1. Low LET radiation (60Co‐γ‐rays; 1.17 and 1.33 MeV) of lymphocyte cultures was performed with various doses (D = 0, 2, 4, 8 Gy) 5 h after stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin. Irradiated cells were cultivated for an additional 67 h before Colcemid arrested metaphase spreads were obtained. Aberrations of the specifically stained chromosomes, such as deletions, dicentrics, and rings, were readily scored after in situ hybridization with either the 1q12 specific probe or DNA‐library inserts. By the latter approach, translocations of the specifically stained chromosomes could also be reliably assessed. A linear increase of the percentage of specifically stained aberrant chromosomes was observed when plotted as a function of the square of the dose D. A particular advantage of this new approach is provided by the possibility to delineate numerical and structural chromosome aberrations directly in interphase nuclei. These results indicate that cytogenetic monitoring of ionizing radiation may be considerably facilitated by CISS‐hybridization.

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Effect of low-dose acute X-irradiation on the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro

Cited by 89 publications

References 13 publications

How radiation-specific is the dicentric assay?

How radiation-specific is the dicentric assay?

Curvilinearity in the dose-response curve for cancer in Japanese atomic bomb survivors.

Rapid metaphase and interphase detection of radiation‐induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes by chromosomal suppression in situ hybridization

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