Effect of Macrolide Antibiotics on Biological Activities Induced by Clostridium perfringens Alpha-Toxin

Sakùrai, Jun; Oda, Masataka

doi:10.5772/22404

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 60 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The associated enterotoxins disrupt the intestinal cell membrane through phospholipid hydrolysis, and this activates innate immune proinflammatory pathways in the GALT, such as the arachidonic acid pathway (Van Immerseel et al 2004). This triggers the production of proinflammatory mediators such as cytokines (IL-2, IL-8, TNF-alpha), leukotrienes and thromboxane that are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease (Sakurai et al 2004;Park et al 2008;Sakurai and Oda 2011). Intestinal necrosis and loss of gut integrity reduce the absorptive surface and allow the appearance of clinical signs, which involve depression, diarrhoea, and increased feed conversion ratio (Latorre et al 2018).…”

Section: Clostridium Perfringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial peptides as an alternative to relieve antimicrobial growth promoters in poultry

Nazeer

Uribe-Diaz

Rodríguez-Lecompte

et al. 2021

British Poultry Science

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1. This review describes different classes of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of avian species, and their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. The potential benefits of synthetic AMP in poultry production are examined, in the context of the use of AMP as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters (AGP). 2. Since the mid-1950s, antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have been used in feed at low prophylactic doses to modulate the homoeostasis of intestinal microbiota, decreasing the risk of intestinal dysbacteriosis and the growth of pathogens within the avian gut. Over the last three decades, AGP have faced major regulatory restrictions due to concerns of generating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It is now well documented that the rate of infectious disease outbreaks is higher in flocks that are not fed prophylactic antibiotics, resulting in a compensatory increase in antimicrobial use for therapeutic purposes. 3. Endogenous natural AMP production is associated with the presence of microbiota and their interaction with the intestinal epithelial and lamina propria lymphoid cells. Their antimicrobial activity shapes the beneficial microbiota population and controls intestinal pathogens such Clostridium and Salmonella spp., and stimulates the development and maturation of the local immune system. 4. Similar to AGP, AMP can establish a well-balanced gut beneficial microbiota for adequate immunecompetence, animal health and high growth performance parameters such as feed intake, daily weight, feed conversion and accumulated mortality. 5. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides constitute an essential part of the innate immune system of all organisms and protect the host from invading pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites by interacting with the negatively charged pathogen membranes.

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