Effect of magnesium sulphate addition to urea on nitrogen loss due to ammonia volatilization

Rheinbaben, W. Von

doi:10.1007/bf01051058

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…New designs, based on urea cocrystals, recently emerged following evidence that urea coordination compounds can reduce N losses from soils. For example, agricultural field tests with NH 4 Cl or ZnSO 4 have been shown to reduce NH 3 losses from the soil and improve overall nitrogen uptake efficiency when compacted with urea. , Inhibition of urea reactivity by inorganic acids, such as phosphoric acid, was also shown to decrease NH 3 emissions up to 50% from soils fertilized with urea phosphate ionic cocrystal. , Significant decrease of NH 3 emissions for urea·MgSO 4 cocrystals was similarly observed, − but the proposed reaction mechanisms were inconclusive. More recent work has expanded this approach by designing urea cocrystals with salts containing Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ obtained from parent ionic compounds or via reactive mechanochemistry using the appropriate minerals. , This approach was further extended to synthesize double salts of NH 4 + containing HPO 4 2– , Ca 2+ , or Mg 2+ ions [Ca(NH 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 ) 2 ·H 2 O dimorph B and Mg(NH 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O dimorph A] as well as their struvite equivalents [Ca(NH 4 )(PO 4 )·H 2 O and Mg(NH 4 )(PO 4 )·6H 2 O] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Urea Cocrystal with Combined Ureolysis and Nitrification Inhibiting Capabilities for Enhanced Nitrogen Management

Mazzei

Broll

Casali

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The novel ternary Zn(II)-thiourea–urea ionic cocrystal [Zn(thiourea)(urea)Cl2], (ZnTU) has been prepared by both solution and mechanochemical processes and structurally characterized by solid-state methods. ZnTU exhibited improved response properties to water as relative humidity as inherited from thiourea. The results of enzymatic activity measurements provide evidence that ZnTU is effective in modulating urea hydrolysis both in vitro (negatively impacting on the activity of isolated urease) and in vivo (decreasing the ureolytic activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii, a widespread soil bacterium), and that Zn(II) is the component of the cocrystal acting as the actual urease inhibitor. Concomitantly, the analysis of the ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) enzymatic activity in Nitrosomonas europaea, taken as a representative of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, in the presence of ZnTU reveals that thiourea is the only component of ZnTU able to inhibit ammonia conversion to nitrite. It has also been shown that ZnTU maintains these capabilities when applied to bacterial cultures containing both S. pasteurii and N. europaea working in tandem. The compound can thus act both as a fertilizer via urea and via the Zn(II) and thiourea components, as a dual action inhibitor of the activities of the enzymes urease and AMO, which are responsible for the negative environmental and economic impact of the agricultural use of urea as soil fertilizer. These results indicate that ZnTU should be considered a novel material to improve N fertilization efficiency, toward a more environment-friendly agricultural practice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Urea Cocrystal with Combined Ureolysis and Nitrification Inhibiting Capabilities for Enhanced Nitrogen Management

Mazzei

Broll

Casali

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The inhibition of urea reactivity by organic or inorganic acids, such as phosphoric acid, was shown to decrease NH 3 emissions up to 50% from soil fertilized with urea phosphate ionic cocrystal . Von Rheinbaben and Fenn et al showed a significant decrease in NH 3 emissions for applied or reactively formed urea·Mg(Ca)SO 4 (or presumably urea adducts with CaCl 2 and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 formed in situ in soil), but the reaction mechanisms put forth were inconclusive, as other authors showed that sulfate salts were not effective NH 3 emission regulators . Very recently, green mechanochemical methods were applied to synthesize urea ionic cocrystals, including 4urea·CaSO 4 , directly from salts and using reactive mechanochemistry with urea inorganic acid cocrystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Dual-Action Plant Fertilizer and Urease Inhibitor: Urea·Catechol Cocrystal. Characterization and Environmental Reactivity

Casali

Mazzei

Shemchuk

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The mechanochemical reaction of urea and catechol affords the quantitative formation of a 1:1 urea·catechol (URCAT) cocrystal that can act simultaneously as a urease inhibitor and as a soil fertilizer. The novel compound has been characterized using solid-state methods, and its environmental activity has been assessed using the inhibition of Canavalia ensiformis urease and water vapor sorption experiments at room temperature. The urea molecules within the cocrystal were organized in hydrogen-bonded dimers bridged by two catechol molecules, with the OH groups interacting via hydrogen bonds with the urea carbonyl groups. The inhibition of jack bean urease enzyme by URCAT led to the complete loss of urease activity after a 20 min incubation period. A large difference of water vapor adsorption was observed between urea and URCAT, with the latter adsorbing 3.5 times less water than urea. Our results suggested that cocrystal engineering strategies can be successfully applied to tackle sustainability problems at the food–energy–water nexus.

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“…For studying volatilization of ammonia from urea and urea-MgS04 .1H20 mixture (UMM) under laboratory conditions, von Rheinbaben (1987) used three sandy and three loess soils from Germany. The soils were first brought to 30% of their WHC, then filled into 1,250-ml pots; the weight of moist soils depending on their texture was 1,300-1,600 g/pot.…”

Section: Etf(xt Of Alkali Metal and Alkaline Earth Metal Salts On Ammmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Efficiency of Urea Fertilizers by Inhibition of Soil Urease Activity

Simihăian¹,

Kiss²

2002

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I Preface The purpose of our present work is to review the fundamental studies on inhibition of soil urease activity and the applied studies on improving efficiency of urea fertilizers by inhibition of soil urease activity. The general literature on these topics covers 65 years, and the patent literature comprises a period of nearly 40 years. Studies related to inhibition of soil urease activity were performed in a great number of countries' well representing all the continents. Full texts of the papers describing these studies were published in one of 18 languages·'. The literature data reviewed are structured into 10 chapters, 81 subchapters, and 224 sections. The bibliographical list consists of 830 papers cited. ·In alphabetical order:

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Effect of magnesium sulphate addition to urea on nitrogen loss due to ammonia volatilization

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Multifunctional Urea Cocrystal with Combined Ureolysis and Nitrification Inhibiting Capabilities for Enhanced Nitrogen Management

Multifunctional Urea Cocrystal with Combined Ureolysis and Nitrification Inhibiting Capabilities for Enhanced Nitrogen Management

Novel Dual-Action Plant Fertilizer and Urease Inhibitor: Urea·Catechol Cocrystal. Characterization and Environmental Reactivity

Improving Efficiency of Urea Fertilizers by Inhibition of Soil Urease Activity

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