Effect of magnetic field on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of graphite plasma

Arshad, Atiqa; Bashir, Shazia; Hayat, Asma; Akram, Mahreen; Khalid, Amir; Yaseen, Nazish; Ahmad, Qazi Salman

doi:10.1007/s00340-016-6333-z

Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Because of this fundamental reason, reduction of the LPP shielding effect is among the major approaches for improvement of the laser-surface coupling for nanosecond pulses [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Steady magnetic field [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]21], ablation under vacuum conditions [7,20], and dc electric field [21,22] are employed to remove the LPP from a laser beam, to confine LPP to a smaller volume, or to lower plasma density. Of those approaches, use of steady magnetic field has received the most attention due to the feasibility of a better, more flexible, and more stable control over the laser-surface coupling [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental mechanisms of nanosecond-laser-ablation enhancement by an axial magnetic field

2019

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Steady magnetic field perpendicular to laser beam is widely used to improve rate and quality of laser ablation. Recently we reported a 69-fold enhancement of laser ablation of silicon by magnetic field parallel to laser beam. To understand the fundamental mechanisms of that phenomenon, multi-pulse magnetic-field-enhanced ablation of stainless steel, titanium alloy, and silicon was performed. The influence of the magnetic field significantly varies depending on the material: from 2.8-fold ablation enhancement on stainless-steel and silicon to no pronounced ablation modification on titanium alloy. Those results are discussed in terms of magnetized-plasma, magneto-absorption, skin-layer, and magnetic-field-influenced transport effects. Understanding of those mechanisms is crucial for advanced controlling of nanosecond laser-surface coupling to improve laser micromachining.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental mechanisms of nanosecond-laser-ablation enhancement by an axial magnetic field

2019

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“…Some of LIBS unique advantages include the ability to make in situ analysis even in hostile environment, remote sensing, little or no preparation of the sample, and multi-element analysis [10][11][12]. Based on these advantages, LIBS has been extensively investigated on several samples including liquids [13], gases [14] and as well from non-conducting and conducting solids [15].LIBS is also a spectroscopic technique for the determination of the density of electron, electron temperature and number densities of the plasma plume [16,17]. Laserinduced plasma temperatures are influenced by various experimental conditions such as ambient surrounding, laser energy and laser pulse width.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…LIBS is also a spectroscopic technique for the determination of the density of electron, electron temperature and number densities of the plasma plume [16,17]. Laserinduced plasma temperatures are influenced by various experimental conditions such as ambient surrounding, laser energy and laser pulse width.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of laser energy on the electron temperature of a laser-induced Mg plasma

Asamoah

Yao

2016

Appl. Phys. B

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radiations in this process are used for the identification of the elemental composition of the sample [7][8][9].LIBS offers many advantages over other spectroscopic techniques such as mass spectroscopy, electrode spark and inductively coupled plasma. Some of LIBS unique advantages include the ability to make in situ analysis even in hostile environment, remote sensing, little or no preparation of the sample, and multi-element analysis [10][11][12]. Based on these advantages, LIBS has been extensively investigated on several samples including liquids [13], gases [14] and as well from non-conducting and conducting solids [15].LIBS is also a spectroscopic technique for the determination of the density of electron, electron temperature and number densities of the plasma plume [16,17]. Laserinduced plasma temperatures are influenced by various experimental conditions such as ambient surrounding, laser energy and laser pulse width. Most of the studies on LIBS temperatures report that the plasma temperature tends to increase with increasing laser energy, pulse width, laser wavelength and ambient pressure [18][19][20][21].Although LIBS has been employed successfully in several experimental and theoretical works, to analyze the spectroscopic composition of the samples, there are still many aspects which need to be investigated [6]. For example, Barthelemy et al. [22] investigated the influence of the laser parameters of an aluminum-induced plasma. They reported that the temperature slightly decreases at the plasma edge and close to the aluminum surface. This decrease in temperature at the plasma edge is basically caused by radiative cooling, while the decrease in temperature at the aluminum surface is as a result of thermal conduction. The authors also found that at the first microsecond of the ablation plume, the electron density was spatially homogeneous.Zhang et al.[23] also reported on the influence of laser parameters on plasma temperature. Their results predicted Abstract The magnesium plasma induced by a 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in atmospheric air was investigated. The evolution of the plasma was studied by acquiring spectral images at different laser energies and delay times. We observed that the intensities of the spectral lines decrease with larger delay times. The electron temperature was determined using the Boltzmann plot method. At a delay time of 100 ns and laser energy of 350 mJ, the electron temperature attained their highest value at 10164 K and then decreases slowly up to 8833.6 K at 500 ns. We found that the electron temperature of the magnesium plasma increases rapidly with increasing laser energy.

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“…The high intensity of the magnetic field pulse has been found to be useful in improving the radiation emitted from laser-induced breakdown plasma [2]. Many physical phenomena like plume confinement, plasma instabilities, the transformation of plasma thermal energy into kinetic energy and Joule heating, effect emission improving may initiate in the expansion of laser-induced plasma in the ISSN: 0067-2904 existence of the magnetic field [6]. In laser generated plasma the used dynamic, play a basic role in deciding the characteristics of the plasma [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the homogeneous magnetic field of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of copper plasma

Jasim

Abbas

2018

ijs

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Copper plasma is generated with the existence of an external magnetic field and without its presence utilizing Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm ,9 ns) in different pulse laser energy which ranges from(100 to 400) mJ in a vacuum. Plasma parameter beta) is least than 1, this indicates that the existence of magnetic field confinement effect is proven. Note that both the electron temperature and electron density increases with the laser pulse energy increasing , Both are higher in the presence of a magnetic field.

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Effect of magnetic field on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of graphite plasma

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Fundamental mechanisms of nanosecond-laser-ablation enhancement by an axial magnetic field

Fundamental mechanisms of nanosecond-laser-ablation enhancement by an axial magnetic field

Influence of laser energy on the electron temperature of a laser-induced Mg plasma

Influence of the homogeneous magnetic field of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of copper plasma

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