Effect of Magnetic Field on Free Convection in Inclined Cylindrical Annulus Containing Molten Potassium

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of natural convection of an electrically conducting fluid under the influence of a magnetic field in an inclined cylindrical annulus has been performed. The inner and outer cylinders are maintained at uniform temperatures and other walls are thermally insulated. The governing equations of this fluid system are solved by a finite volume (FV) code based on SIMPLER solution scheme. Detailed numerical results of heat transfer rate, Lorentz force, temperature and electric fields have been presented for a wide range of Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 60) and inclination angle (0 ≤ γ ≤ 90). The results indicate that a magnetic field can control the magnetic convection of an electrically conducting fluid. Depending on the direction and strength of the magnetic field, the suppression of convective motion was observed. For vertical cylindrical annulus, increasing the strength of the magnetic field causes the loss symmetry, and as the consequence, isotherms lose their circular shape. With increasing the Hartmann number the average Nusselt number approaches a constant value. For vertical annulus, the effect of Hartmann number on the average Nusselt number is not prominent compared to the case of horizontal annulus.

An experimental study on thermal conductivity of F-MWCNTs–Fe 3 O 4 /EG hybrid nanofluid: Effects of temperature and concentration

“…Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are magnetite; thus, fluid flow and heat transfer of this nanofluid can be changed by a magnetic field. In many previous studies, the effects of the magnetic field on fluid flow and heat transfer rate have been reported [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In this study, for the first time, the composition of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) and iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles is dispersed in ethylene glycol (EG) as a base fluid.…”

Using a magnetic field to reduce natural convection in a vertical cylindrical annulus

“…Their results revealed that the effect of transverse magnetic field on the average Nusselt number is more effective than that of the axial magnetic field. Further, Afrand et al [25] performed 3D numerical simulation of natural convection of molten potassium in an inclined cylindrical annulus exposed to a magnetic field. They reported that a magnetic field can control the natural convection of molten potassium.…”

Mixed convection in a rotating eccentric annulus containing nanofluid using bi-orthogonal grid types: A finite volume simulation

“…(16), we have: (18) A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 8 Then the specified length is obtained equal to . By balancing the heat transfer at the inner boundary, is obtained as follows:…”

“…The convective heat transfer between two cylinders has attracted considerable attention due to its wide applications such as finding the methods in order to improve the crystals formation, food production, microchannels, pipes and bearings [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Although many progresses have been carried out to improve the heat transfer enhancement, by progressing the equipment and their becoming small in size, it seems that the more heat transfer in the less space is necessary.…”