Effect of magnetoelectropolishing on nanohardness and Young's modulus of titanium biomaterial

Development of plasma electrolytic oxidation for improved Ti6Al4V biomaterial surface properties

“…Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) known also as the micro arc oxidation (MAO) [1][2][3][4] as well as electrochemical polishing (EP) [5], magnetoelectropolishing (MEP) [5][6][7][8][9], and/or high-current density electropolishing (HDEP) [10,11] operations performed on metals or alloys results in the formation of the surface layer with different specific mechanical [12,13] and corrosion properties [9,14]. These layers are generally characterized by different chemical compositions [15][16][17][18] than that of the matrix itself.…”

“…Numerous published papers presenting scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/ EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) results indicate that the surface layers formed after each of the EP, MEP, HDEP, and PEO treatments have different chemical compositions and structure (various crystalline and/or amorphous forms) than those of the native matrices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Some of them obtained by EP, MEP, and HDEP are passive, and others obtained in PEO/MAO operations are open thick porous layers, generally non-passive [1][2][3][4].…”

Development of copper-enriched porous coatings on ternary Ti-Nb-Zr alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation

“…Among the preparation methods of surface nano-layers with controlled mechanical or electrochemical properties, electropolishing (EP) [1][2][3][4][5], magnetoelectropolishing (MEP) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and high-current-density electropolishing (HDEP) [20][21][22] have been previously shown to be highly efficient. The obtained surface nano-layers, which are mostly passive, may be treated as nano-coatings with determined chemical composition, which is different than that one of matrix.…”

Characterization of Coatings Created on Selected Titanium Alloys by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

“…Nowadays the electrochemical treatments, such as electropolishing (EP) [1][2][3][4][5], magnetoelectropolishing (MEP) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], high-current density electropolishing (HDEP) [14][15] as well as Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) known also as Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] of biomaterial surfaces are very often used due to the biocompatibility effect. Most important is to fabricate the porous surface enriched in antibacterial elements such as silver and/or copper [30][31][32][33][34][35] with the least amount of toxic elements to the human body, such as vanadium, aluminum, and nickel [30,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”