Effect of Maize Hybrids to Application of Mineral Fertilizers Doses in the Volga Region on the Republic of Tatarstan

Corn in the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Federation, which includes the Republic of Tatarstan, is the main fodder crop, the yield of which directly depends on the moisture content of a particular growing season and the nutritional background. The above-mentioned limiting factors for increasing the productivity of fodder corn can be easily controlled by the agrotechnical methods described in this paper. The results of the research showed the high efficiency of irrigation and the introduction of calculated fertilizer rates in combination with foliar feeding of the Isagri Force plant 6 l / ha in the phase of 4-6 pairs of true corn leaves. At the same time, the stem density increased from 51.1 thousand pcs/ha in the control to 59.5 thousand pcs/ha in the NPK variant by 60 t/ha + Isagri Force 6l/ha. Moreover, in the variant of applying mineral fertilizers with the expectation of obtaining 60 t/ha of green mass, the yield of green mass of the Nur hybrid was 61.4 t/ha, and the VNII hybrids 64.1 t/ha, which is higher than the control by 66.8 and 67.8% respectively. Additional foliar top dressing Izagri Force with the content of easily digestible amino acids and a complex of chelate forms of microfertilizers providing additional production from each hectare of 1.3 green mass of the studied Nur and Ross 140 corn hybrids.

Ffect of Calculated Mineral Fertilizer Rates on the Yield of Irrigated Fodder Maize Grey Forest Soils of the Republic of Tatarstan

Yakhin¹,

Gabitov²,

Hismatullin

et al. 2022

Influence of Chemicals on the Formation of Green Mass Yield of Maize With Milk-Wax Ripening Cobs

Yakhin¹,

Gabitov²,

Hismatullin

et al. 2023

Corn is a valuable food and technical crop and almost all its parts are used in different branches of industry which cannot do without corn grains and pulp and paper mills use its leaves and stems. In addition, the crop has important agronomic importance in controlling field weeds. It is one of the most important cereal crops in world agriculture. As a high-yielding crop, it plays an important role in fodder production. A powerful reserve for increasing corn yields is mineral fertilizers, as well as the widespread introduction of new zoned varieties and hybrids of corn into production. This article presents the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers with macro-, micro-, complex fertilizers and growth regulators on corn yield and production. Sufficient nutrients are necessary to obtain high yields. Various growth-promoting substances are also used in modern agricultural practice. They improve seed germination and germination energy, accelerate plant growth, plant development and increase yield. Using special mixtures of fertilizers for corn concentrates all the necessary complexes of nutrients. The necessary complex of nutrients is applied in one step, which reduces the unevenness of fertilization. Spraying of combined fertilizers containing microelements and growth regulators before sowing increases plant resistance to adverse weather conditions. The use of combined compositions of NPK fertilizers allows the development of resource-saving systems and reduces the cost of fertilizers.

The Influence of Agronomic and Agrochemical Factors on the Productivity of Irrigated Hybrid Corn Ross 140 Sv in the Soil and Climatic Conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan

Yakhin

2024

The purpose of the research is to determine the degree of influence of agronomic and agrochemical factors on the productivity of irrigated hybrid corn Ross 140 SV in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. A stationary field experiment was carried out on irrigated fields of land use of LLC “Kyrlay” in Arsk municipal district in 2022. This experiment was aimed at studying the influence of various factors on the yield and quality of the irrigated crop. After the commissioning of the irrigated site in 2023, the research was continued on the basis of LLC “Agrobiotechnopark” of Kazan State Agrarian University. The design of a stationary field experiment is aimed at determining the effect of different fertilizer doses on the yield of an irrigated agricultural crop. In this case, five options are considered: control (without fertilizers). This option serves as a base for comparing results with other options. It shows how the crop will develop without fertilizers. N74P40K74 for 30 t/ha of biomass, involves applying fertilizers in the amount of 74 kg of nitrogen (N), 40 kg of phosphorus (P) and 74 kg of potassium (K) per 30 tons of biomass. N98P53K97 for 40 t/ha of biomass, in this option the fertilizer doses increase: 98 kg of nitrogen, 53 kg of phosphorus and 97 kg of potassium per 40 tons of biomass. N123P66K121 for 50 t/ha of biomass, this option studies the effect of high fertilizer doses on yield. N148P80K148 for 60 t/ha of biomass: In this variant, the fertilizer doses are maximum: 148 kg of nitrogen, 80 kg of phosphorus and 148 kg of potassium per 60 tons of biomass. The object of the study is the hybrid corn variety Ross 140 SV. The agrochemical parameters of two typical gray-forest soils were as follows: the humus content according to Tyurin was from 3.2 to 3.6%, mobile phosphorus – from 148 to 150 and exchangeable potassium – from 162 to 165 mg/kg of soil according to Kirsanov. The reaction of the soil environment in the salt extract was close to neutral (pH. 6.1 - 6.5). The experiment was repeated three times, the plots were placed systematically, the area of each plot was 126 m2 (4.2 by 30 meters). The system of primary and pre-sowing soil preparation was carried out (in autumn) with stubble disking to 6-8 cm and plowing to 25-27 cm. Pre-sowing cultivation consisted of harrowing in 1-2 tracks. Corn was sown in the second ten-day period of May with a row spacing of 70 cm. Seeds at a seeding rate of 70 thousand pcs./ha were embedded to a depth of 6-8 cm with rolling. Mineral fertilizers were applied in doses calculated for the planned yield of 30 t/ha, 40 t/ha, 50 t/ha, 60 t/ha of biomass. The optimal dose of fertilizers to achieve maximum productivity of hybrid corn Ross 140 SV is N123P66K121 calculated for the planned yield of 50 t/ha of biomass, at which the yield of green mass is 50.7 t/ha, and the payback of mineral fertilizers reaches 81.2 kg of green mass per 1 kg of NPK.