Effect of malocclusion on jaw motor function and chewing in children: a systematic review

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of dental/skeletal malocclusion and orthodontic treatment on four main objective parameters of chewing and jaw function (maximum occlusal bite force [MOBF], masticatory muscle electromyography [EMG], jaw kinematics, and chewing efficiency/performance) in healthy children. Materials and methods Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE (OVID), Embase, and the Web of Science Core Collection. Studies that examined the four parameters in healthy children with malocclusions were included. The quality of studies and overall evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute and GRADE tools, respectively. Results The searches identified 8192 studies; 57 were finally included. The quality of included studies was high in nine studies, moderate in twenty-three studies, and low in twenty-five studies. During the primary dentition, children with malocclusions showed similar MOBF and lower chewing efficiency compared to control subjects. During mixed/permanent dentition, children with malocclusion showed lower MOBF and EMG activity and chewing efficiency compared to control subjects. The jaw kinematics of children with unilateral posterior crossbite showed a larger jaw opening angle and a higher frequency of reverse chewing cycles compared to crossbite-free children. There was a low to moderate level of evidence on the effects of orthodontic treatment in restoring normal jaw function. Conclusions Based on the limitations of the studies included, it is not entirely possible to either support or deny the influence of dental/skeletal malocclusion traits on MOBF, EMG, jaw kinematics, and masticatory performance in healthy children. Furthermore, well-designed longitudinal studies may be needed to determine whether orthodontic treatments can improve chewing function in general. Clinical relevance Comprehensive orthodontic treatment, which includes evaluation and restoration of function, may or may not mitigate the effects of malocclusion and restore normal chewing function.

Evaluation of Oclusal Force Parameters by T-scan Iii With Fixed Orthodontic Treatment; a Prospective Clinical Study

“…Angle Class I, Class II individuals and deepbite groups have similar chewing patterns, while crossbite groups have reverse chewing patterns [15].…”

“…A longer occlusion time (ideal occlusion time is desired to be < 0.2 s) indicates the presence of premature contact during closure and negatively affects occlusal stability [11,15]. In contrast, Quadeer et al [6].have stated that the average occlusion time was 0.38 seconds in individuals who underwent orthodontic treatment and 0.41 seconds in individuals who did not undergo orthodontic treatment.…”

“…Through the whole vibration energy as a limit, the diagnostic warmth for the uneven joints is approximately 82%, while the investigative speci city for the joints with no sign of internal disturbance is approximately 75%. At the same stage, under the threshold, 98.3 percent of the unpaid asymptomatic helper with two-sided normal TMJ computerized tomography (CT) scanning was convoluted [15]. Null hypothesis:…”

Does Orthodontic Treatment Change the Preferred Chewing Side of Patients with Malocclusion?

“…Previous studies have suggested that having PCS is mostly due to left-right differences in occlusal force and masticatory efficiency [ 15 , 17 ] and does not affect the jaw and TMJ function [ 21 ]; however, it is still controversial. Orthodontic treatment not only changes the teeth alignment but also improves occlusal conditions and facilitates masticatory function in terms of jaw movement and masticatory muscle activity [ 22 , 23 ]. For example, it can change the masticatory path of a patient with unilateral mastication due to crossbite from reverse to a normal pattern to achieve bilateral mastication [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Attitude and Knowledge of Orthodontics among Egyptian Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey

“…Malocclusion is one of the most common dental problems that has an increasing prevalence (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) It may cause many ailing effects such as poor esthetics, functional limitations, speech defects as well as increase in the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) . Occlusion has also a significant influence on how individuals perceive and evaluate other individuals (14,15) .…”