Effect of maturity at harvest on<i>in vitro</i>methane production from ensiled grass

Holtshausen, L.; Liestøl, Silje Hanche-Olsen; Nes, Silje Katrine; Beauchemin, K. A.; Harstad, Odd Magne; McAllister, Tim A.

doi:10.1080/09064702.2012.671846

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The lower NDF contents of SM may be attributed to differences in maturity stages (vegetative vs. heading) at which millet was harvested and ensiled. Advancement in maturity of grass forages is usually associated with reduced CP, and increased NDF and ADF contents (Rinne et al, 1997;Cone et al, 1999;Holtshausen et al, 2012). However, this was not evidenced when comparing the findings of our study with those of Amer and Mustafa (2010).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Forage millet had a higher effective in situ degradability of NDF than CS (Table 3). Our findings were somewhat expected, given the fact that advanced maturity of forages is negatively correlated with fiber (NDF and ADF) digestibility (Rinne et al, 2002;Holtshausen et al, 2012). Whereas CS is normally harvested at mature stages, forage millet was harvested earlier at the vegetative stage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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Replacing corn silage with different forage millet silage cultivars: Effects on milk yield, nutrient digestion, and ruminal fermentation of lactating dairy cows

Brunette

Baurhoo²,

Mustafa

2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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This study investigated the effects of dietary replacement of corn silage (CS) with 2 cultivars of forage millet silages [i.e., regular millet (RM) and sweet millet (SM)] on milk production, apparent total-tract digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of dairy cows. Fifteen lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square experiment and fed (ad libitum) a high-forage total mixed ration (68:32 forage:concentrate ratio). Dietary treatments included CS (control), RM, and SM diets. Experimental silages constituted 37% of each diet DM. Three ruminally fistulated cows were used to determine the effect of dietary treatments on ruminal fermentation and total-tract nutrient utilization. Relative to CS, RM and SM silages contained 36% more crude protein, 66% more neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and 88% more acid detergent fiber. Cows fed CS consumed more dry matter (DM; 24.4 vs. 22.7 kg/d) and starch (5.7 vs. 3.7 kg/d), but less NDF (7.9 vs. 8.7 kg/d) than cows fed RM or SM. However, DM, starch and NDF intakes were not different between forage millet silage types. Feeding RM relative to CS reduced milk yield (32.7 vs. 35.2 kg/d), energy-corrected milk (35.8 vs. 38.0 kg/d) and SCM (32.7 vs. 35.3 kg/d). However, cows fed SM had similar milk, energy-corrected milk, and solids-corrected milk yields than cows fed CS or RM. Milk efficiency was not affected by dietary treatments. Milk protein concentration was greatest for cows fed CS, intermediate for cows fed SM, and lowest for cows fed RM. Milk concentration of solids-not-fat was lesser, whereas milk urea nitrogen was greater for cows fed RM than for those fed CS. However, millet silage type had no effect on milk solids-not-fat and milk urea nitrogen levels. Concentrations of milk fat, lactose and total solids were not affected by silage type. Ruminal pH and ruminal NH3-N were greater for cows fed RM and SM than for cows fed CS. Total-tract digestibility of DM (average=67.9%), NDF (average=53.9%), crude protein (average=63.3%), and gross energy (average=67.9%) were not influenced by dietary treatments. It was concluded that cows fed CS performed better than those fed RM or SM likely due to the higher starch and lower NDF intakes. However, no major differences were noted between the 2 forage millet silage cultivars.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Replacing corn silage with different forage millet silage cultivars: Effects on milk yield, nutrient digestion, and ruminal fermentation of lactating dairy cows

Brunette

Baurhoo²,

Mustafa

2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…In line with our results, Holtshausen et al. () reported a decrease in in vitro gas and CH 4 production of grass silage (mixture of timothy and meadow fescue) with progressing maturity at harvest, resulting from a shift in the volatile fatty acid pattern observed. In contrast, Purcell, O'Brien, Boland, O'Donovan, and O'Kiely () in their study on perennial ryegrass pastures reported an increased in vitro rumen gas and CH 4 production for a high herbage mass (i.e., smaller OM digestibility and CP content in the grass compared to a low herbage mass), although the difference between treatments was small, likely owing to the similar fibre content and the unchanged volatile fatty acid pattern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Assessment of in vitro gas production (GP) is largely used to evaluate the nutritive value of ruminant feeds by incubating substrate in buffered rumen fluid (Cone, Van Gelder, Visscher, & Oudshoorn, 1996;Dijkstra, Kebreab, Bannink, France, & Lopez, 2005;Getachew, Blümmel, Makkar, & Becker, 1998). This in vitro approach can also be used to evaluate different feeding strategies for their potential to mitigate CH 4 production (Hatew et al, 2015;Holtshausen et al, 2012;Pellikaan et al, 2011). There is a lack of studies reporting in vivo CH 4 production by cattle upon changes in the maturity of a grass silage at harvest (Randby, Weisbjerg, Nørgaard, & Heringstad, 2012;Warner, Bannink, Hatew, Van Laar, & Dijkstra, 2017), and there is a dearth of direct in vitro-in vivo comparisons with respect to CH 4 production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro gas and methane production in rumen fluid from dairy cows fed grass silages differing in plant maturity, compared to in vivo data

Macome

Pellikaan

Hendriks

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The relationship between in vitro rumen CH production of grass silages, using the gas production technique, and in vivo data obtained with the same cows and rations in respiration chambers was investigated. Silages were made from grass harvested in 2013 on May 6th, May 25th, July 1st and July 8th. The grass silages were used to formulate four different rations which were fed to 24 cows in early and late lactation, resulting in a slightly different dry matter intake (DMI; 16.5 kg/day vs. 15.4 kg/day). The experimental rations consisted of 70% grass silage, 10% maize silage, and 20% concentrates on a dry matter basis. Cows were adapted to the rations for 17 days before rumen fluid was collected via oesophageal tubing, and in vitro gas and CH production were analysed. In vitro total gas and CH production of the (ensiled) grass expressed as ml/g OM decreased with advancing maturity of the grass. The in vitro CH production after 48 hr of incubation expressed in ml/g OM did not correlate with the in vivo CH production expressed in g/kg organic matter intake or g/kg DMI (R = .00-.18, p ≥ .287). The differences in CH emission per unit of intake observed in vivo were rather small between the different rations, which also contributed to the observed poor relationship. Utilizing stepwise multiple regression improved the correlation only slightly. In vitro gas and CH production varied based on whether donor cows were previously adapted to the respective ration or not, suggesting that careful adaption to the experimental diet should be envisaged in in vitro gas and CH production experiments.

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“…Assessment of in vitro gas production (GP) is largely used to evaluate the nutritive value of ruminant feeds by incubating substrate in buffered rumen fluid (Cone et al, 1996;Getachew et al, 1998;Dijkstra et al, 2005). This in vitro approach can also be used to evaluate different feeding strategies for their potential to mitigate CH 4 production (Pellikaan et al, 2011;Holtshausen et al, 2012;Hatew et al, 2015). Currently, only a limited number of studies are available reporting in vivo CH 4 production of cattle upon changes in maturity of wholeplant corn at harvest (Cammell et al, 2000;Mc Geough et al, 2010;Hatew et al, 2016), and a dearth of direct in vitro-in vivo comparisons exist with respect to CH 4 production (Yáñez-Ruiz et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro gas and methane production of silages from whole-plant corn harvested at 4 different stages of maturity and a comparison with in vivo methane production

Macome

Pellikaan

Hendriks

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The current study investigated the relationship between in vitro and in vivo CH production by cows fed corn silage (CS)-based rations. In vivo CH production was measured in climate respiration chambers using 8 rumen-cannulated Holstein-Friesian cows. In vitro CH production was measured using rumen fluid from the 8 cows that were fully adapted to their respective experimental rations. The animals were grouped in 2 blocks, and randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 total mixed rations (TMR) that consisted of 75% experimental CS, 20% concentrate, and 5% wheat straw [dry matter (DM) basis]. The experimental CS were prepared from whole-plant corn that was harvested at either a very early (25% DM), early (28% DM), medium (32% DM), or late (40% DM) stage of maturity. The 4 experimental TMR and the corresponding CS served as substrate in 2 separate in vitro runs (each run representing 1 block of 4 animals) using rumen fluid from cows fed the TMR in question. No relationship was found between in vivo CH production and in vitro CH production measured at various time points between 2 and 48 h. None of the in vitro gas production (GP) and CH production parameters was influenced by an interaction between substrate and origin of rumen fluid. In vitro measured 48-h GP was not affected by the maturity of whole-plant corn, irrespective whether CS alone or as part of TMR was incubated in adapted rumen inoculum. Incubation of the experimental TMR did not affect the kinetics parameters associated with gas or CH production, but when CS alone was incubated the asymptote of GP of the soluble fraction was slightly decreased with increasing maturity of CS at harvest. In vitro CH production expressed as a percent of total gas was not affected by the maturity of whole-plant corn at harvest. Several in vitro parameters were significantly affected (GP) or tended to be affected (CH) by diet fed to donor cows. It was concluded that the current in vitro technique is not suitable to predict in vivo CH production from CS-based rations.

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Effect of maturity at harvest onin vitromethane production from ensiled grass

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Replacing corn silage with different forage millet silage cultivars: Effects on milk yield, nutrient digestion, and ruminal fermentation of lactating dairy cows

Replacing corn silage with different forage millet silage cultivars: Effects on milk yield, nutrient digestion, and ruminal fermentation of lactating dairy cows

In vitro gas and methane production in rumen fluid from dairy cows fed grass silages differing in plant maturity, compared to in vivo data

In vitro gas and methane production of silages from whole-plant corn harvested at 4 different stages of maturity and a comparison with in vivo methane production

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