Effect of mechanical activation on structure changes and reactivity in further chemical modification of lignin

Zhao, Xiaohong; Zhang, Yanjuan; Hu, Huayu; Huang, Zuqiang; Yang, Mei; Chen, Dong; Huang, Kai; Huang, Aimin; Qin, Xingzhen; Feng, Zhenfei

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.074

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Starch-containing biomass, which is often used in food industry, needs to be pretreated using the methods not involving chemical reagents. Mechanical pretreatment of natural plant-derived polymers is known to reduce grain size of a substance, thus increasing its reactivity in the subsequent heterogeneous processes [20][21][22]. Polymers undergo plastic deformation during mechanical pretreatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Crystallinity Degree of Starch Having Different Types of Crystal Structure after Mechanical Pretreatment

et al. 2020

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This paper examines the effect of mechanical activation on the amorphization of starch having different types of crystalline structure (A-type corn starch; B-type potato starch; and C-type tapioca starch). Structural properties of the starches were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Mechanical activation in a planetary ball mill reduces the degree of crystallinity in proportion to pretreatment duration. C-type tapioca starch was found to have the highest degree of crystallinity. Energy consumed to achieve complete amorphization of the starches having different types of crystalline structure was measured. The kinetic parameters of the process (the effective rate constants) were determined. The rate constant and the strongest decline in the crystallinity degree after mechanical activation change in the following series: C-type starch, A-type starch, and B-type starch.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Crystallinity Degree of Starch Having Different Types of Crystal Structure after Mechanical Pretreatment

et al. 2020

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“…The esterication of lignin model compounds by MASPS was carried out in the same customized stirring ball mill (reactor) as the esterication of lignin. 28 In order to learn about the catalytic action of DMAP, two feeding ways were used. In one way, the reactants and DMAP were added in the reactor at the same time.…”

Section: Esterication Of Lignin Model Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The operating conditions of these analyses were same as the esteried lignin and provided in ESI. † 13,28…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification mechanism of lignin with different catalysts based on lignin model compounds by mechanical activation-assisted solid-phase synthesis

et al. 2017

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“…Contudo, existem alguns trabalhos que envolvem prétratamentos térmicos e químicos da lignina de coníferas, que poderiam ser testados para aumentar a reatividade também das ligninas de folhosas (FIGUEIREDO et al, 2017;WANG et al, 2019;ZHAO et al, 2016). Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi produzir e caracterizar resinas de fenolformaldeído com a adição de lignina Kraft de folhosas para a confecção de painéis compensados.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Adição de lignina Kraft à resina fenólica para a fabricação de compensados

Magalhães

Vital

Carneiro

et al. 2019

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RESUMO A maior parte das resinas utilizadas na produção de painéis reconstituídos é sintetizada a partir de compostos orgânicos advindos do petróleo que, além de não renováveis e relativamente caros, ainda apresentam riscos à saúde. O objetivo do trabalho foi produzir e caracterizar resinas de fenol-formaldeído com a adição de lignina Kraft de folhosas para a confecção de painéis compensados. A lignina foi obtida por meio da precipitação do licor negro proveniente do processo de polpação Kraft industrial de madeira de eucalipto. Os compensados foram fabricados com resina fenol-formaldeído (FF), resina fenolformaldeído com substituição parcial de lignina Kraft fenolada (L-FF), lignina tratada termicamente (LT-FF) e lignina tratada com dicromato de potássio (LD-FF). Estes adesivos foram comparados com a resina comercial FF, considerada como controle. A utilização de lignina Kraft como substituta parcial (50%) do fenol em adesivos fenol-formaldeído foi considerada eficiente na fabricação de compensados. Dentre os tipos de ligninas testados, recomenda-se a utilização de L-FF, uma vez que produziram compensados com propriedades físicas e mecânicas semelhantes aqueles produzidos com LT-FF e LD-FF, consumindo uma menor quantidade de energia e/ou reagente. Palavras-chave: Biorrefinaria; lignina modificada; fenol-formaldeído. Addition of Kraft lignin to phenolic resin for plywood production ABSTRACT Most of the resins used in the production of reconstituted panels are synthesized from organic compounds derived from petroleum which, in addition to being non-renewable and relatively expensive, still present health risks. The objective of the work was to produce and characterize phenol-formaldehyde resins with the addition of Kraft lignin of hardwoods for the manufacture of plywood. Lignin was obtained by precipitation of the black liquor from the industrial Kraft pulping process of eucalyptus wood. The plywood were manufactured with phenol formaldehyde resin (PF), phenol-formaldehyde partial substitution resin Kraft phenolated lignin (L-FF), thermally treated lignin (LT-FF) and lignin treated with potassium dichromate (LD-FF). These adhesives were compared with the commercial FF resin, considered as a control. The use of Kraft lignin as a partial substitute of phenol in phenol-formaldehyde adhesives (50%) was considered efficient in the manufacture of plywood. Among the types of lignins tested, the use of L-FF is recommended. Plywood produced with such resin exhibit physical and mechanical properties similar to those produced with LT-FF and LD-FF, consuming a smaller amount of energy and / or reagent.

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Effect of mechanical activation on structure changes and reactivity in further chemical modification of lignin

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Changes in the Crystallinity Degree of Starch Having Different Types of Crystal Structure after Mechanical Pretreatment

Changes in the Crystallinity Degree of Starch Having Different Types of Crystal Structure after Mechanical Pretreatment

Esterification mechanism of lignin with different catalysts based on lignin model compounds by mechanical activation-assisted solid-phase synthesis

Adição de lignina Kraft à resina fenólica para a fabricação de compensados

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