Effect of Mechanical Properties on Fibre Addition of Flax and Graphene-Based Bionanocomposites

Abstract

Natural fibre-based polymer nanocomposites have played an essential role in many industry domains for four to five years because of their strong mechanical and physical qualities. The primary goal of this research is to establish the mechanical and morphological properties of nanocomposite materials in natural environments. Flax fibre was employed as a reinforcement, nanographene powder was used as a filler, and epoxy resin was used as a matrix material to achieve the goals above, keeping the following restrictions in mind: (i) fibre length (15, 30 and 45 mm), (ii) fibre content (10, 15 and 20 mm), and (iii) wt.% of nanofiller (2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt.%). The composite materials were laminated using the compression moulding process per the Taguchi L9 design. The mechanical characteristics of the material, such as flexural, tensile, and impact properties, were examined according to ASTM standards. The mechanical characteristics of combinations A2, B2, and C2 are the best when compared to other combinations. The graphene-based nanocomposites revealed that 2.5 wt.% graphene contributes 33.08% of mechanical properties, the 5 wt.% graphene contributes 36.4%, and the 7.5 wt.% graphene contributes 30.53%. Including 5 wt.% graphene content provides the highest mean values of mechanical strength like 36.59 MPa tensile, 40.25 MPa flexural, and 31.68 kg/m2 of impact. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the cracked specimens were used better to understand the failure process of composites during mechanical testing.

Antimicrobial, function, and crystalline analysis on the cellulose fibre extracted from the banana tree trunks

“…Similar work was performed with flax fibre composite, and the results were found to be 2.6% superior due to alkali treatment on the flax fibre, which disclosed the removal of hemicellulose, reduction of lignin, and pectin content used to enhance the bonding strength of the natural fibre composite 19 . Therefore, after banana fiber extraction, a chemical treatment is required to enhance the polymer composite's bonding strength.…”

“…The most common procedure for extracting high-quality fibres is water retting. The chemical composition of banana fibres is 73.92 per cent cellulose, 11.72 per cent hemicellulose, and 8.23 per cent lignin, with a diameter of 138 mm and a density of 1.59 g/cm 3 19 . It avoids common issues associated with the traditional filtration method using frits and filter beds, facilitates sample handling and digestion, and ensures more accurate and precise analysis results 20 .…”

Hybrid calotropis gigantea fibre-reinforced epoxy composites with SiO2’s longer-term moisture absorbable and its impacts on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties

“…As a result, several studies have supported the same tendency of increased viscosity with a substantial amount of nano SiO 2 [39]. The glass fibre-reinforced epoxy composites containing nano-TiO 2 particles exhibited a similar pattern of bending strength data that revealed a decrease in bending strength because of the aggregate impact, as seen by Natrayan et al [47]. Figure 7 shows how water that was absorbed decreased the bending strength of hybrid materials.…”

Effect of zinc oxide surface treatment concentration and nanofiller loading on the flexural properties of unsaturated polyester/kenaf nanocomposites

“…The nanoparticles' surface atoms can form covalent, ionic, or hydrogen bonds with the atoms of the polymer chains, depending on the nature of the polymer and the processing conditions. These bonds effectively "lock" the nanoparticles and polymer chains together, creating a composite material with enhanced mechanical properties [ 77 ]. Hindering Crack Propagation: Crack propagation, or the growth of cracks within a material under stress, is a significant factor that leads to mechanical failure.…”