Effect of media composition and growth conditions on production of cellulase and β-glucosidase by a mixed fungal fermentation

Duff, Sheldon J.B.; Cooper, David G.; Fuller, O. M.

doi:10.1016/0141-0229(87)90048-2

Cited by 60 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Production of xylanases and other accessory CWDEs is controlled in part by the transcriptional activator Xyr1 in T. reesei and G. zeae, and the orthologous XlnR in F. oxysporum (Brunner et al, 2007;Calero-Nieto et al, 2007, 2008Rauscher et al, 2006;Stricker et al, 2006). Growth media is known to influence microbial enzymatic diversity and activity (Duff et al, 1987). Recent proteomic studies of G. zeae found at least 25 potential CWDEs expressed in planta during fungal infection of wheat heads and over 49 potential CWDEs expressed when grown on hop cell wall (Paper et al, 2007;Phalip et al, 2005).…”

Section: Hydrolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimized microplate assay system for quantitative evaluation of plant cell wall–degrading enzyme activity of fungal culture extracts

King

Donnelly

Bergstrom

et al. 2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

138

102

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Developing enzyme cocktails for cellulosic biomass hydrolysis complementary to current cellulase systems is a critical step needed for economically viable biofuels production. Recent genomic analysis indicates that some plant pathogenic fungi are likely a largely untapped resource in which to prospect for novel hydrolytic enzymes for biomass conversion. In order to develop high throughput screening assays for enzyme bioprospecting, a standardized microplate assay was developed for rapid analysis of polysaccharide hydrolysis by fungal extracts, incorporating biomass substrates. Fungi were grown for 10 days on cellulose-or switchgrass-containing media to produce enzyme extracts for analysis. Reducing sugar released from filter paper, Avicel, corn stalk, switchgrass, carboxymethylcellulose, and arabinoxylan was quantified using a miniaturized colorimetric assay based on 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid. Significant interactions were identified among fungal species, growth media composition, assay substrate, and temperature. Within a small sampling of plant pathogenic fungi, some extracts had crude activities comparable to or greater than T. reesei, particularly when assayed at lower temperatures and on biomass substrates. This microplate assay system should prove useful for high-throughput bioprospecting for new sources of novel enzymes for biofuel production.

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Section: Hydrolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimized microplate assay system for quantitative evaluation of plant cell wall–degrading enzyme activity of fungal culture extracts

King

Donnelly

Bergstrom

et al. 2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

138

102

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“…Other workers have previously shown (Sternberg et al 1977;Duff et al 1987) how higher levels offl-glucosidase could reduce the inhibitory effects of cellobiose and consequently influence the efficiency of the overall saccharification process. To assess the influence of the fl-glucosidase activity on the hydrolysis of 2% and 10% concentrations of pretreated aspen wood, increasing concentrations of fl-glucosidase were added to a con- CBU g m -t cellulose did not result in a substantial increase in the glucose yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the hydrolytic activity of commercial cellulase preparations

Breuil

Chan

Saddler

1990

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Enzymatic hydrolysis of SO2-impregnated, steam-pretreated aspen and spruce wood fractions was carried out at 2% and 10% substrate concentrations, using five commercial cellulase preparations supplemented with excess of a commercial fl-glucosidase in order to obtain a common level of hydrolytic activity. Pretreated aspen wood was found to be more readily hydrolysed than pretreated spruce wood which appeared to contain inhibitory material detrimental to the cellulase enzymes. All five commercial cellulase preparations, when supplemented to the same level of fl-glucosidase activity, exhibited similar hydrolysis profiles on the pretreated substrates.

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“…One of the earlier studies showed there were beneficial effects when T. reesei was cultured with Aspergillus spp. where T. reesei, which is deficient in secreting β-glucosidases (or transcribing genes that encode β-glucosidases), was complemented by the secreted activities of A. niger [164]. In the study of Hu et al [161] beneficial effects on enzymatic activities relevant to lignocellulose degradation were observed in some of the mixed culture combinations compared to the monocultures.…”

Section: Mixed Cultures At the Enzymatic Levelmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…There is substantial literature on the effects at the enzymatic level of mixed cultures with T. reesei, which is one of the most studied fungal species in mixed cultures [159,[161][162][163][164]. Two of these studies combined ascomycetes and basidiomycetes [161,163] with one of the studies performing saccharification assays using enzyme cocktails from the mono and mixed cultures [163].…”

Section: Mixed Cultures At the Enzymatic Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulation and Responses in Filamentous Fungi Exposed to Lignocellulose

2015

Mycology: Current and Future Developments

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Biofuels derived from lignocellulose are attractive alternative fuels but their production suffers from a costly and inefficient saccharification step that uses fungal enzymes. One route to improve this efficiency is to understand better the transcriptional regulation and responses of filamentous fungi to lignocellulose. Sensing and initial contact of the fungus with lignocellulose is an important aspect. Differences and similarities in the responses of fungi to different lignocellulosic substrates can partly be explained with existing understanding of several key regulators and their mode of action, as will be demonstrated for Trichoderma reesei, Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus spp. The regulation of genes encoding Carbohydrate Active enZymes (CAZymes) is influenced by the presence of carbohydrate monomers and short oligosaccharides, as well as the external stimuli of pH and light. We explore several important aspects of the response to lignocellulose that are not related to genes encoding CAZymes, namely the regulation of transporters, accessory proteins and stress responses. The regulation of gene expression is examined from the perspective of mixed cultures and models are presented for the nature of the transcriptional basis for any beneficial effects of such mixed cultures. Various applications in biofuel technology are based on manipulating transcriptional regulation and learning from fungal responses to lignocelluloses. Here we critically access the application of fungal transcriptional responses to industrial saccharification reactions. As part of this chapter, selected regulatory mechanisms are also explored in more detail.

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Effect of media composition and growth conditions on production of cellulase and β-glucosidase by a mixed fungal fermentation

Cited by 60 publications

References 17 publications

An optimized microplate assay system for quantitative evaluation of plant cell wall–degrading enzyme activity of fungal culture extracts

An optimized microplate assay system for quantitative evaluation of plant cell wall–degrading enzyme activity of fungal culture extracts

Comparison of the hydrolytic activity of commercial cellulase preparations

Transcriptional Regulation and Responses in Filamentous Fungi Exposed to Lignocellulose

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