Background: Biophoton emission is the spontaneous emission of
ultraweak light emanating from all living systems, including man.
The emission is linked to the endogenous production of excited
states within the living system. The detection and characterisation
of human biophoton emission has led to suggestions that it has potential
future applications in medicine. Objectives: An overview is
presented of studies on ultraweak photon emission (UPE, biophotons)
from the human whole body. Methods: Electronic searches of
Medline, PsychLit, PubMed and references lists of relevant review
articles and books were used to establish the literature database.
Articles were then analysed for their main experimental setup and
results. Results: The, mostly, single case studies have resulted in a
collection of observations. The collection presents information on
the following fields of research: (1) influence of biological rhythms,
age, and gender on emission, (2) the intensity of emission and its
left-right symmetry in health and disease, (3) emission from the
perspective of Traditional Chinese and Korean Medicine, (4) emission
in different consciousness studies, (5) procedures for analysis
of the photon signal from hands, (6) detection of peroxidative
processes in the skin. Of each article the main findings are presented
in a qualitative manner, quantitative data are presented where
useful, and the technological or methodological limitations are discussed.
Conclusion: Photon emission recording techniques have
reached a stage that allows resolution of the signal in time and
space. The published material is presented and includes aspects
like spatial resolution of intensity, its relation to health and disease,
the aspect of colour, and methods for analysis of the photon signal.
The limited number of studies only allows first conclusions about
the implications and significance of biophotons in relation to health
and disease, or to mental states, or acupuncture. However, with
the present data we consider that further research in the field is
justified.