Effect of melatonin on gonad and thyroid development of offspring of hypothyroid pregnant rats

Albuquerque, Yuri Mateus Lima de; Ferreira, Cintia Giselle Martins; ́Assunção, C. G. D; Baptista, Marina Gomes Pessoa; Alves, Rebeka da Costa; Teixeira, Valéria Wanderley; Teixeira, Álvaro Aguiar Coelho

doi:10.1080/10520295.2020.1729416

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This indicates that melatonin antagonized the adverse effects of PTU on thyroid gland in pups. The result was in agreement with the report of de Albuquerque et al (2020) 23 in which they found that melatonin directly regulated TH biosynthetic activity of rat thyrocytes and prevented the adverse effects of hypothyroidism on the thyroid gland.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Does melatonin protect fetal brain during maternal hypothyroidism? An experimental study

Hidayat

Saleemi²

2022

Pak J Med Sci

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Objectives: To study the effects of melatonin in preventing neonatal neuronal apoptosis induced by maternal hypothyroidism. Methods: Twelve healthy female Wistar rats, 12-16 weeks, were divided equally into three groups. Group-A was labelled as control. Group-B was made hypothyroid by giving 15mg/kg of propylthiouracyl (PTU) daily whereas Group-C was given PTU along with melatonin (10mg of melatonin/kg/day) in drinking water. After one week of treatment, the female rats were allowed to mate and conceive. The treatment of all groups continued throughout the period of pregnancy and lactation. After delivery, a total of 30 pups, 10 from each group, were labelled and sacrificed on 22nd day of life. The serum levels of TSH, T3 and T4 of the pups were measured. The brains were extracted from the skull and homogenized for isolation of mitochondria to determine the levels of cytochrome c oxidase and for isolation of RNAs to measure the levels of gene expressions of caspases 3, 9 and 8. Results: Group-B pups showed a significant increase in serum levels of TSH (21 ± 3.7 mg/dl), and gene expression levels of caspase 3 (0.85±0.02) and 9 (0.69±0.02) where as in Group-C, there was visible reduction in concentration of TSH (15 ± 2.4 mg/dl), caspase 3 (0.50±0.02) and 9 (0.25±0.01) expressions. Increase in cytochrome c oxidase enzyme concentration (3.416 ± 0.001) in Group-B was the result of mitochondrial outer membrane rupture, causing decrease in the number of neurons by accelerating apoptosis. A decrease in its level in Group-C (2.100 ± 0.001) indicated inhibition of apoptosis. Conclusion: Intake of melatonin during pregnancy and lactation protected the brains of offspring from extensive apoptosis during maternal hypothyroidism. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5536 How to cite this:Hidayat M, Saleemi MA. Does melatonin protect fetal brain during maternal hypothyroidism? An experimental study. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5536 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Does melatonin protect fetal brain during maternal hypothyroidism? An experimental study

Hidayat

Saleemi²

2022

Pak J Med Sci

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“…Більшість фундаментальних робіт минулого століття присвячені дослідженню впливу ШТ на гонади [4,5], що в переважній більшості виявився пригнічувальним, тоді як зв'язок із ЩЗ вивчався недостатньо. Мелатонін, як один із основних агентів контролю циркадіанних змін у тканинах організму, продукується ШТ і має прямий вплив на ЩЗ [6,7], проте механізми цієї взаємодії досі досліджені недостатньо.…”

Section: вступunclassified

Peculiarities of circadian regulation of the thyroid gland

Boichuk

Popova

2023

Mìžnarodnij endokrinologìčnij žurnal

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Circadian rhythmicity is an autonomous period of organ cells’ functioning that is controlled by feedback mechanisms and specific genes. The thyroid gland, as a peripheral organ of the endocrine system, is subordinate to the adenohypophysis and pineal gland. Melatonin, as one of the main mediators of circadian influence, is well known for its antitumor and regulatory effects on a number of tissues, but its relationship with the hormone-producing activity of the thyroid gland has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the work was to analyze the current data on circadian regulation of the thyroid gland by examining evidence-based scientific publications from open databases over the past five years. Melatonin-producing pineal cells possess the homeotic genes Otx2 and Crx whose deactivation leads to a significant decrease in melatonin production by the pineal gland. In addition to pineal cells, melatonin can be synthesized by adenohypophysis-independent parafollicular cells. The effect of melatonin on thyrocytes is provided by binding to MT1 receptors and affecting the expression of thyroglobulin, RX-8, and TTF-1 (NKX2-1) genes. Under conditions of short photoperiod, melatonin inhibits the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) β, which, in turn, acts on hypothalamic tanycytes by regulating the balance of deiodinase (Dio2/Dio3). This leads to a well-regulated seasonal control of the release of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine. Conclusions. Circadian regulation of thyrocyte activity occurs under the influence of melatonin, which is secreted by pinealocytes and sometimes by parafollicular cells. TSH is secreted with a certain circadian periodicity under the influence of the activation of chronorhythmic genes. Hormone replacement therapy should be aimed not only at restoring the levels of pituitary hormones, but also at restoring the biological rhythm of TSH secretion. Melatonin affects the circadian work of thyrocytes, which is proven by determining the expression of the chronorhythm genes Bmal-1, Dio2, TTF-1. In thyroid pathology, there is a violation of circadian rhythms, a decrease in melatonin levels, and a decrease in the expression of Clock genes.

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“…Além disso, o hormônio é modulador de atividades metabólicas, reprodutivas e imunológicas, especialmente por sua ação anti inflamatória (FAVERO et al, 2017). A utilização da melatonina em diversas doenças crônicas, sozinha e em associação, e de caráter inflamatório vem sido estudada e já apresenta resultados positivos e promissores acerca da sua utilização como recurso terapêutico e/ou preventivo (DE ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2020).…”

Section: Efeitos Da Melatonina No Rim De Etilistasunclassified

“…mostrou que os níveis de SOD diminuíram nos rins de animais etilistas que receberam melatonina comparados com os etilistas sem tratamento, enquantoKurhaluk et al (2017) não encontrou alterações nesse parâmetro no mesmo órgão, mas encontrou ao analisar os níveis de CAT, glutationa peroxidase (GPx) e glutationa redutase (GR). Já Chuffa et al(2011) mostrou que a melatonina influenciou negativamente os parâmetros bioquímicos e morfológico do ovário de ratas induzidas ao alcoolismo crônico quando comparadas com o controle, o que choca com as informaçõesde Tamura et al (2014) eDe Albuquerque et al (2020) acerca das influencias da melatonina no sistema reprodutor feminino com e sem a presença de patologias associadas. Tais alterações refletem a ausência de um delineamento experimental unificado e fidedigno ao modelo de patogênese do problema estudado, o que não permite que se encontrem as lacunas no processo de tratamento e que se elucidem seus mecanismos fisiológicos, bioquímicos, e moleculares que podem ajudar no tratamento de outras doenças.…”

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Técnicas De Análise Espacial Aplicadas Na Atenção Primária Em Saúde Em Fortaleza No Ceará: Estudo De Caso Da Dengue No Contexto Sócio Sanitário Da Pandemia Da Covid-19 Na Uaps Maurício Mattos Dourado

Soares¹,

Silva²

2021

Ciências Da Saúde: Pluralidade Dos Aspectos Que Interferem Na Saúde Humana 5

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Effect of melatonin on gonad and thyroid development of offspring of hypothyroid pregnant rats

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Does melatonin protect fetal brain during maternal hypothyroidism? An experimental study

Does melatonin protect fetal brain during maternal hypothyroidism? An experimental study

Peculiarities of circadian regulation of the thyroid gland

Técnicas De Análise Espacial Aplicadas Na Atenção Primária Em Saúde Em Fortaleza No Ceará: Estudo De Caso Da Dengue No Contexto Sócio Sanitário Da Pandemia Da Covid-19 Na Uaps Maurício Mattos Dourado

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