Effect of Melatonin on Human Dental Papilla Cells

Tachibana, Ryusuke; Tatehara, Seiko; Kumasaka, Shuku; Tokuyama, Reiko; Satomura, Kimio

doi:10.3390/ijms151017304

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Much attention has been paid in recent years to salivary melatonin because of its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and antimicrobial effects on the oral mucosa (Czesnikiewicz‐Guzik et al, ; Boga et al, ; Cengiz et al, ), as well as its involvement in tooth formation (Kumasaka et al, ; Liu et al, ; Tachibana et al, ) and in homeostasis of periodontal tissues (Carpentieri et al, ). Because of its prominent role in oral cavity wellness, melatonin is being incorporated into periodontal scaffolds (Najeeb et al, ) and added to dental hygiene products, such as toothpaste and mouthwash (Reiter et al, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Diabetic Status Influences the Storage of Melatonin in Human Salivary Glands

Isola

Lilliu

Loy

et al. 2017

The Anatomical Record

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Recently we reported on the detailed localization of melatonin (and its receptors) in human salivary glands, revealing that serous cells are able to store and secrete melatonin into saliva. Since we found that type 2 diabetic patients display reduced melatonin content in saliva, our next step was to examine the presence of melatonin in salivary glands removed from type 2 diabetic subjects. The resulting data were compared with those previously obtained by identical procedures in non-diabetics, to establish if the diabetic status may affect melatonin distribution. Bioptic samples of diabetic parotid and submandibular glands were fixed, dehydrated, embedded in Epon Resin and processed to demonstrate melatonin reactivity by the immunogold staining method. The labeling density (expressed as the number of gold particles per μm /granule) and the percentage of melatonin-positive granules were assessed in diabetic samples. These values were compared with those in non-diabetic samples and differences were evaluated. In parotid and submandibular diabetic glands the reactivity for melatonin was specifically associated with secretory granules and small vesicles in serous cells. Melatonin reactivity was higher in parotid than in submandibular glands. Our data were in line with those obtained in our previous study on non-diabetic glands. Diabetic salivary glands showed a higher labeling density and a lower number of melatonin-positive granules compared to non-diabetic glands. Taken together, these data might explain the decreased salivary melatonin content and the associated oral problems observed in diabetics. Anat Rec, 301:711-716, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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confidence: 99%

Diabetic Status Influences the Storage of Melatonin in Human Salivary Glands

Isola

Lilliu

Loy

et al. 2017

The Anatomical Record

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“…Notably, an elevated expression level of MT1 but not MT2 was correlated with diseased pulp. In the developing human tooth, MT1 was found to be expressed in odontoblasts and dental papilla cells [24]. Our immunohistochemistry data have led to the hypothesis that MT1 plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of reactionary dentin in response to polymicrobial infection in the pulp due to an increased MT1 expression during pulpal inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Melatonin antagonizes lipopolysaccharide-induced pulpal fibroblast responses

2020

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Background: Pulpal inflammation is known to be mediated by multiple signaling pathways. However, whether melatonin plays regulatory roles in pulpal inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed at elucidating an in situ expression of melatonin and its receptors in human pulpal tissues, and the contribution of melatonin on the antagonism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-infected pulpal fibroblasts. Methods: Melatonin expression in pulpal tissues harvested from healthy teeth was investigated by immunohistochemical staining. Its receptors, melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), were also immunostained in pulpal tissues isolated from healthy teeth and inflamed teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. Morphometric analysis was subsequently performed. After LPS infection of cultured pulpal fibroblasts, cyclooxygenase (COX) and interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) transcripts were examined by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Analysis of mRNA expression was performed to investigate an antagonism of LPS stimulation by melatonin via COX and IL-1 β induction. Mann-Whitney U test and One-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis to determine a significance level. Results: Melatonin was expressed in healthy pulpal tissue within the odontoblastic zone, cell-rich zone, and in the pulpal connective tissue. Furthermore, in health, strong MT1 and MT2 expression was distributed similarly in all 3 pulpal zones. In contrast, during disease, expression of MT2 was reduced in inflamed pulpal tissues (P-value< 0.001), but not MT1 (P-value = 0.559). Co-culturing of melatonin with LPS resulted in the reduction of COX-2 and IL-1 β expression in primary pulpal fibroblasts, indicating that melatonin may play an antagonistic role to LPS infection in pulpal fibroblasts. Conclusions: Human dental pulp abundantly expressed melatonin and its receptors MT1 and MT2 in the odontoblastic layers and pulpal connective tissue layers. Melatonin exerted antagonistic activity against LPSmediated COX-2 and IL-1 β induction in pulpal fibroblasts, suggesting its therapeutic potential for pulpal inflammation and a possible role of pulpal melatonin in an immunomodulation via functional melatonin receptors expressed in dental pulp.

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“…MT1 is considered to be involved in the formation and development of teeth (Mishima et al 2015). Kumasaka et al (2010) and Tachibana et al (2014) report the expression of MT1 in odontoblasts. Melatonin is thought to affect physiological functions of odontoblasts in the daytime and nighttime.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the daytime, the melatonin amount decreases (Hattori 2017;Koukkari and Sothern 2006;Pfeffer et al 2012). Melatonin is also associated with tooth development (Kumasaka et al 2010;Tachibana et al 2014). Melatonin may play an essential role in regulating bone growth (Roth et al 1999;Satomura et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MT1 is involved in the transmission of optical information and works on hypnosis, and MT2 is involved in synchronizing the circadian rhythm (Liu et al 2013). MT1 is also involved in tooth development and formation (Kumasaka et al 2010;Mishima et al 2014;Tachibana et al 2014). Melatonin may regulate various physiological functions in the body and is synchronized with diurnal change (Hattori 2017;Koukkari and Sothern 2006;Shimozuma et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship Between the Structure and Calcification of Dentin and the Role of Melatonin

et al. 2018

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The present study aimed to examine the relationship between the structure and composition of dentin and odontoblasts and the role of melatonin during the calcification process. The expression of MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor was confirmed in the odontoblasts of the control group. In addition, the expression of MT1 was stronger than that of MT2. A strong expression of MT1 was detected in the odontoblasts in the melatonin-treated groups. MALDI-TOF MS analysis revealed that two peaks of 795 m/z and 818 m/z were found in dentin. These peaks increased commensurately with the amount of melatonin. The number and size of calcospherites in predentin increased in proportion to the concentration of melatonin. The degree of mineralization increased slightly in the melatonin-treated group using CMR analysis. Two peaks could be clearly detected in the melatonin-treated

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Effect of Melatonin on Human Dental Papilla Cells

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Diabetic Status Influences the Storage of Melatonin in Human Salivary Glands

Diabetic Status Influences the Storage of Melatonin in Human Salivary Glands

Melatonin antagonizes lipopolysaccharide-induced pulpal fibroblast responses

The Relationship Between the Structure and Calcification of Dentin and the Role of Melatonin

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