Effect of Melt Cooling Rate on Microstructure of Sn - Bi and Sn - Pb Eutectic Alloys

Гусакова, О. В.; Shepelevich, V. G.; Scherbachenko, L. P.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.236

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the Columnar structure consist eutectic phase as seen in Figure 6. From previous research by Olga Kusakova [8] summarized that cooling rate can influence on the microstructure formation. The different cooling rate could form an eutectic microstructure differently, such as, skeleton-like in Bi-Sn alloy or foil-cross section microstructure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Rotation Stirring on Macrosegregation in Bi-Sn Alloy

2017

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Macrosegregation is a defect that difficult to avoid in a metal alloy made by casting method. Macrosegregation can cause decreasing in mechanical properties of casting products. It will reduce their performance in industrial application. Macrosegregation is convinced occur during solidification time in liquid alloy. In the early solidified, The solids move upward/downward in liquid alloy during solidification are considered to contribute on macrosegregation formation. This movement occur due to the density differences between the solid and the surrounding liquid. This research want to observe the effect of stirring on macrosegregation formation for interfering on the movement of initial solidified solid. Stiring with rotation method is applied in this experiment at certain temperature. The temperature and the rotation speed of stirring are varied to observe the effect of rotation stirring on macrosegregation formation. The mold is covered by insulation jacket and kept the bottom part opened in order to obtain the directionally solidification. The result shows that the rotation stirring can change the macrostructure of casting but in case of composition distribution, the macrosegregation still appear. Increasing the rotation stirring will rise solid crystals up and the macrosegregation become more uniform and the treatment is better if conducting at lower temperature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Rotation Stirring on Macrosegregation in Bi-Sn Alloy

2017

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“…Several sets of results from the literature and unidirectional solidification experiments carried out in the present study providing information on microstructures of Sn-Bi and Sn-Cu alloys allowed the coupled zones of these alloys systems to be determined. The derived solidification selection maps 9) Sn-Bi alloys-related studies (Shen et al, 2019;Gibbs et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2015;Gusakova et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014;Xiaowu et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2011Xu et al, , Çadırlı et al, 2009Braga et al, 2007) considering the coupled zone concept permitted the importance of the thermal gradient, G, to be simultaneously evaluated with the solidification velocity, v, in the definition of the resulting microstructure, as for transient solidification conditions, G and v cannot be dissociated. This microstructure-processing mapping approach appears to be promising to predict phase competition in the use of Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys as soldering materials, as a close manipulation of the microstructure is considered of utmost importance for the metallurgical quality of the product.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To research specific microstructures related to given alloy compositions and processing conditions of Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys, a lot of researches have examined the structure/ interface evolution during solidification through expressing solidification (interface) velocity, v, and temperature gradient, G (Esaka et al, 2015;Ventura et al, 2011Ventura et al, , Çadırlı et al, 2010Ventura et al, , Çadırlı et al, 2009Machida et al, 2006;Shen et al, 2019;Gibbs et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2015;Gusakova et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014;Xiaowu et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2011Xu et al, , Çadırlı et al, 2009Braga et al, 2007). Each of these studies is limited to a certain range of compositions and a set of solidification velocities, usually carried out with a fixed value of G. Kurz (2001) demonstrated the importance of implementing a combination of microstructure x process mappings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local solidification thermal parameters affecting the eutectic extent in Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi solder alloys

Kakitani

Silva

et al. 2021

SSMT

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Purpose Overall, selection maps about the extent of the eutectic growth projects the solidification velocities leading to given microstructures. This is because of limitations of most of the set of results when obtained for single thermal gradients within the experimental spectrum. In these cases, associations only with the solidification velocity could give the false impression that reaching a given velocity would be enough to reproduce a result. However, that velocity must necessarily be accompanied by a specific thermal gradient during transient solidification. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to not only project velocity but also include the gradients acting for each velocity. Design/methodology/approach Compilation of solidification velocity, v, thermal gradient, G, and cooling rate, Ṫ, data for Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi solder alloys of interest is presented. These data are placed in the form of coupled growth zones according to the correlated microstructures in the literature. In addition, results generated in this work for Sn-(0.5, 0.7, 2.0, 2.8)% Cu and Sn-(34, 52, 58)% Bi alloys solidified under non-stationary conditions are added. Findings When analyzing the cooling rate (Ṫ = G.v) and velocity separately, in or around the eutectic composition, a consensus cannot be reached on the resulting microstructure. The (v vs. G) + cooling rate diagrams allow comprehensive analyzes of the combined v and G effects on the subsequent microstructure of the Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys. Originality/value The present paper is devoted to the establishment of (v vs. G) + cooling rate diagrams. These plots may allow comprehensive analyses of the combined v and G effects on the subsequent microstructure of the Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys. This microstructure-processing mapping approach is promising to predict phase competition and resulting microstructures in soldering of Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys. These two classes of alloys are of interest to the soldering industry, whereas manipulation of their microstructures is considered of utmost importance for the metallurgical quality of the product.

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“…This technique is used to produce materials in the form of a foil as a result of solidification of a thin layer of a melt after it spreads over the surface of a rotating mold at a cooling rate of 10 5 -10 7 K/s. An increase in the cooling rate of a melt is known to refine structural constituents [3]. For example, the size of silicon inclusions in silumin can be reduced by an order of magnitude in comparison with quasi-equilibrium solidification [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Formation in the Melt-Quenched Al–12.2Si–0.2Fe Alloys

et al. 2020

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The microstructure, the phase composition, the component distribution, and the grain structure of the commercial eutectic Al-12.2 Si-0.2 Fe (at %) silumins formed at cooling rates of 10 2 and 10 5 K/s are studied. Three phases are detected in the alloy after solidification at both cooling rates: α-aluminum, silicon, and an iron-containing phase. The bulk samples have a heterogeneous dendritic structure with large dendrites of an aluminum-based solid solution, and a eutectic lamellar mixture of aluminum and silicon filling the interdendritic space. The melt-quenched foils are characterized by a homogeneous microstructure over the thickness; however, they have a layered structure. The rapidly solidified foils also have a homogeneous granular structure through the thickness and no pronounced texture. The mechanisms of solidification and microstructure formation are proposed for both the bulk samples and the melt-quenched foils.

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Effect of Melt Cooling Rate on Microstructure of Sn - Bi and Sn - Pb Eutectic Alloys

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

The Effect of Rotation Stirring on Macrosegregation in Bi-Sn Alloy

The Effect of Rotation Stirring on Macrosegregation in Bi-Sn Alloy

Local solidification thermal parameters affecting the eutectic extent in Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi solder alloys

Structure Formation in the Melt-Quenched Al–12.2Si–0.2Fe Alloys

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