Effect of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Conditioned Media on Healing of Skin Wound

Abstract

We studied the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells and conditioned media on healing of full-thickness skin wound in rats. Cell transplantation to the wound bed did not accelerate wound closing and had no effect on the severity of inflammation, but increased vasculariza - tion of the granulation tissue in 14 days after injury. After injection of conditioned medium to the wound, less pronounced inflammation or enhanced epithelialization was observed. The angiogenic effect was observed only after repeated administration of conditioned medium and was associated with slower regeneration, probably due to skin traumatization by repeated injections. At the same time, fetal skin fibroblasts stimulated angiogenesis only after transplantation in high doses and the medium conditioned by these fibroblasts had no effect on wound healing.

The Potential of a Hair Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium for Wound Healing and Hair Follicle Regeneration

“…Accordingly, the latest study by Joseph et al also found that MSC-CM can be used to improve the quality of wound healing with minimal scar formation [2]. Using CM from MSC culture increases fibroblast and basal cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and improve vascularization in the process of skin wound healing [9,11].…”

“…For the above-mentioned reason, paracrine factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors secreted by the MSC into the medium may play a key role in activating and stimulating fibroblast proliferation during the wound healing as well as regulating human hair growth [34]. It has been known that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), angiopoietin-1, erythropoietin, and stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) escalated dermal and epidermal cell proliferation and promoted migration of dermal fibroblasts [9,24,35]. Furthermore, these growth factors can enhance angiogenesis and the re-epithelialization process, which might be important to stimulate hair follicle regeneration and maintain hair-inducing activity in vivo [35,36].…”

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to have therapeutic potential after skin injury and extensive proliferation and differentiation capacity that have the ability to suppress the stimulation of immune cells and participate in tissue repair and regeneration [5][6][7][8]. MSC releases a combination of growth factors and cytokines, so-called secretome, which can be applied to the wound through a conditioned medium (CM) [5,9,10]. The cytokines and growth factors play a crucial role in activating and stimulating fibroblast proliferation during the wound healing process [11].…”

“…The cytokines and growth factors play a crucial role in activating and stimulating fibroblast proliferation during the wound healing process [11]. Previous studies have reported positive results of wound healing and skin repair by utilizing CM from cultured MSCs (MSC-CM) derived from different sources such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) [9,12,13], adipose stem cell [14][15][16], Wharton's jelly-derived MSC [17], and human umbilical MSC [1]. Furthermore, numerous studies have proven that several kinds of drugs can be potentially used to promote cell growth and proliferation that is beneficial for wound healing and hair regeneration including UK5099 [18], sodium L-lactate (SLL) [19], lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) [18], caffeine [20,21], and caffeic acid (CFA) [22].…”

Medicina Regenerativa para Úlceras Crónicas: Aplicación Cutánea de Células Troncales Mesenquimales de Gelatina de Wharton

“…En este estudio, los análisis histopatológicos iniciales para ambos casos, mostraron procesos inflamatorios crónicos como microangiopatía y zonas de fibrosis y necrosis (típico de dichas lesiones) [54][55][56] ; sin embargo, a partir del tratamiento con las CTM fue posible apreciar en los dos casos una disminución de la cantidad de linfocitos infiltrantes, que se relaciona a la capacidad inmunomoduladora de las células mesenquimales en presencia de ambientes inflamatorios crónicos, permitiendo así la regeneración de piel [41,52,54] . Lo anterior conlleva a un incremento en la cantidad y calidad de vasos sanguíneos formados [57,58] , los cuales también fueron observados en los cortes histológicos de las pacientes con tratamiento. El efecto que se mostró a corto plazo al aplicar las CTM-GW sobre el cierre de las heridas crónicas, concuerda con los resultados de Navone (2014) [59] quien utilizó un andamio de fibroína y CTM, donde la herida se reduce en un 40%.…”