Effect of Metal Atom in Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIF-8 & 67) for Removal of Dyes and Antibiotics from Wastewater: A Review

Abstract

The use of antibiotics and dyes has resulted in severe water pollution and health risks; therefore, it is urgent to remove them from water sources. Among the most common methods for removing harmful water contaminants, adsorption and photodegradation are the most economical, simple, and reusable. Due to their high porosity, adjustability, and crystal structure, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the effective adsorbents and photocatalysts. A typical MOF material is zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/67 (ZIF-8 and ZIF-67), comprising essentially of the metal atoms Zn and 2-methylimidazole (2- MIM). ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 have unique properties that make them efficient in water treatment due to high adsorption capacities and being good hosts for photocatalytic materials. In this article, a review study of the design and methods of synthesis of ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 composites is presented. An introduction to the current research on the role of ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 compounds as adsorbents and photocatalysts for wastewater pollution removal is provided. In this review study, we aim to supply a mechanistic perspective on the use of ZIF-8/67 composites in wastewater purification and present novel visions for the development of extremely effective ZIF-8/67-based adsorbents and photocatalysts. To unlock the full potential of ZIF-8/67 composites in dye and antibiotic removal and water recycling, current difficulties will be discussed in detail.

Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework-Based ZIF-8@ZIF-67 Nanocomposites for Antibiotic Decomposition and Antibacterial Activities

“…In comparison to ZIF-8, ZIF-67 has larger reactive sites, a high surface area, and a short distance for the transfer of photogenerated carriers. Therefore, we combined ZIF-8 with ZIF-67, which greatly enhanced charge separation and increased ZIF-8 surface area . Accordingly, Figure provides a theoretical illustration of the ZIF-8@ZIF-67 nanocomposite.…”

“…Therefore, we combined ZIF-8 with ZIF-67, which greatly enhanced charge separation and increased ZIF-8 surface area. 66 Accordingly, Figure 11 provides a theoretical illustration of the ZIF-8@ZIF-67 nanocomposite. Furthermore, ZIF-67 elucidates the different locations of the energy band gaps, the photoexcitation nature of energy transporters, and the mechanism of decomposition activity improvement as shown in Figures 11 and 12A.…”

Interface State Assisted Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Core–Shell Structure ZIF-8@ZIF-67

“…In recent years, core–shell nanocomposites have demonstrated better properties by integrating the excellent properties of each component and have more application prospects than the single material. − In addition, the structure construction of the core–shell can maximize the interface contact effect, facilitate mass transfer, prevent dissolution (high chemical and hydrothermal stability), reduce the time required for ion dispersion, shorten the carrier transport distance, and further improve the carrier separation efficiency. ,, Not long ago, outstanding ZIF-8 and ZIF-67, as the core and shell, respectively, were successfully prepared into core–shell structure ZIF-8@ZIF-67. Surprisingly, the ZIF-8 shell in ZIF-8@ZIF-6 reduced the band gap of ZIF-67 .…”

Hydrothermal carbonization of vegetable-tanned leather shavings (HTC-VTS) for environmental remediation: optimization of process conditions

“…Nowadays, the research of outstanding porous materials for the removal of various pollutants from liquid or gaseous effluents using adsorption technique is a matter of global concern. Some primary materials such as biomass wastes [1][2][3][4], organic polymers [5][6][7], clays [8], silica gel [9], activated alumina [10], zeolites [11][12][13], industrial and municipal wastes [14] have been studied and used as precursors for the porous materials preparation. Their high adsorption capacity, high efficiency for adsorbing substances at low concentrations, high selectivity, easy regeneration and low cost are the required criteria for the good adsorbents production.…”