Effect of microrelief and vegetation on methane emission from wet polygonal tundra, Lena Delta, Northern Siberia

Kutzbach, Lars; Wagner, Dirk; Pfeiffer, Eva‐Maria

doi:10.1023/b:biog.0000031053.81520.db

Cited by 230 publications

(260 citation statements)

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“…More detailed descriptions of the vegetation and landscape characteristics are available; cf. Are and Reimnitz (2000), Kutzbach et al (2004Kutzbach et al ( , 2007, Boike et al (2008) and Sachs et al (2008).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 1: Spring to fall

et al. 2011

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Abstract. In this article, we present a study on the surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra landscape in northeast Siberia. The study was performed during half-year periods from April to September in each of 2007 and 2008. The surface energy balance is obtained from independent measurements of the net radiation, the turbulent heat fluxes, and the ground heat flux at several sites. Short-wave radiation is the dominant factor controlling the magnitude of all the other components of the surface energy balance during the entire observation period. About 50% of the available net radiation is consumed by the latent heat flux, while the sensible and the ground heat flux are each around 20 to 30%. The ground heat flux is mainly consumed by active layer thawing. About 60% of the energy storage in the ground is attributed to the phase change of soil water. The remainder is used for soil warming down to a depth of 15 m. In particular, the controlling factors for the surface energy partitioning are snow cover, cloud cover, and the temperature gradient in the soil. The thin snow cover melts within a few days, during which the equivalent of about 20% of the snow-water evaporates or sublimates. Surface temperature differences of the heterogeneous landscape indicate spatial variabilities of sensible and latent heat fluxes, which are verified by measurements. However, spatial differences in the partitioning between sensible and latent heat flux are only measured during conditions of high radiative forcing, which only occur occasionally.

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 1: Spring to fall

et al. 2011

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“…It seems likely that the peak emissions from the floating mat were caused by an optimum of wet conditions in the peat, favoring methanogenesis and impeding methane oxidation, presence of some Carex aquatilis providing for conduit transport of the gas, and potentially by a release of methane from groundwater entering the land-water interface. CH 4 flux through plants with aerenchymatic tissues can be responsible for 50 to 97 % of the total CH 4 flux in peatlands because the aerenchyma link the anaerobic zone of CH 4 production with the atmosphere (Kelker and Chanton, 1997;Kutzbach et al, 2004;Shannon et al, 1996). Kutzbach et al (2004) found a strong positive correlation between the density of C. aquatilis culms and CH 4 fluxes, as well as a contribution of 66 ± 20 % of the plant-mediated CH 4 flux through C. aquatilis to the total flux in wet polygonal tundra.…”

Section: Spatial Pattern Of Ch 4 and Co 2 Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CH 4 flux through plants with aerenchymatic tissues can be responsible for 50 to 97 % of the total CH 4 flux in peatlands because the aerenchyma link the anaerobic zone of CH 4 production with the atmosphere (Kelker and Chanton, 1997;Kutzbach et al, 2004;Shannon et al, 1996). Kutzbach et al (2004) found a strong positive correlation between the density of C. aquatilis culms and CH 4 fluxes, as well as a contribution of 66 ± 20 % of the plant-mediated CH 4 flux through C. aquatilis to the total flux in wet polygonal tundra. Since ebullition dominated the CH 4 flux from the floating mat (Fig.…”

Section: Spatial Pattern Of Ch 4 and Co 2 Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We ascribe the large differences between the floating mat and the peatland site (Figs. 7 and 10) to the influx of allochthonous organic and inorganic carbon to the pond system from the surroundings and to the different vegetation composition, in particular the occurrence of Carex aquatilis on the floating mat, which may have enhanced CH 4 production and transport (Kutzbach et al, 2004;Strack et al, 2006). Our results support earlier suggestions that ponds are important for the greenhouse gas budget of peatlands at landscape scale (e.g., Pelletier et al, 2014) and they suggest that changes in the area extent of floating mats and shore length will be an important factor of changes in greenhouse gas budgets with predicted climate change.…”

Section: Controls On Ch 4 and Co 2 Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Summer fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide from a pond and floating mat in a continental Canadian peatland

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Ponds smaller than 10 000 m2 likely account for about one-third of the global lake perimeter. The release of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from these ponds is often high and significant on the landscape scale. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a temperate peatland in southern Ontario, Canada, in summer 2014 along a transect from the open water of a small pond (847 m2) towards the surrounding floating mat (5993 m2) and in a peatland reference area. We used a high-frequency closed chamber technique and distinguished between diffusive and ebullitive CH4 fluxes. CH4 fluxes and CH4 bubble frequency increased from a median of 0.14 (0.00 to 0.43) mmol m−2 h−1 and 4 events m−2 h−1 on the open water to a median of 0.80 (0.20 to 14.97) mmol m−2 h−1 and 168 events m−2 h−1 on the floating mat. The mat was a summer hot spot of CH4 emissions. Fluxes were 1 order of magnitude higher than at an adjacent peatland site. During daytime the pond was a net source of CO2 equivalents to the atmosphere amounting to 0.13 (−0.02 to 1.06) g CO2 equivalents m−2 h−1, whereas the adjacent peatland site acted as a sink of −0.78 (−1.54 to 0.29) g CO2 equivalents m−2 h−1. The photosynthetic CO2 uptake on the floating mat did not counterbalance the high CH4 emissions, which turned the floating mat into a strong net source of 0.21 (−0.11 to 2.12) g CO2 equivalents m−2 h−1. This study highlights the large small-scale variability of CH4 fluxes and CH4 bubble frequency at the peatland–pond interface and the importance of the often large ecotone areas surrounding small ponds as a source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

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“…As a result of cryopedogenesis, many permafrost soils are influenced by a strong micro-relief (e.g. low-centered ice-wedge polygons), which causes small-scale variations in soil types and vegetation characteristics (Kutzbach et al 2004), as well as in the microclimatic conditions (Boike et al 2008). This affects the abundance, processes and diversity of the methanogenic community in this habitat.…”

Section: The Permafrost Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanogenesis in Arctic Permafrost Habitats

Wagner¹,

Liebner²

SpringerReference

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SummaryIn polar regions, huge layers of frozen ground, termed permafrost, are formed. Permafrost covers more than 25 % of the land surface and significant parts of the coastal sea shelves. Permafrost habitats are controlled by extreme climate and terrain conditions. Particularly, the seasonal freezing and thawing in the upper active layer of permafrost leads to distinct gradients in temperature and geochemistry. Methanogenic archaea in permafrost environments have to survive extremely cold temperatures, freeze-thaw cycles, desiccation and starvation under long-lasting background radiation over geological time scales. Although the biology of permafrost microorganisms remains relatively unexplored, recent findings show that methanogenic communities in this extreme environment are composed by members of the major phyla of the methanogenic archaea (Methanobrevibacter, Methanobacterium, Methanosaeta, Methanosarcina, Methanolobus/Methanohalophylus/Methanococcoides, Methanculleus/Methanogenium), with a total biomass comparable to temperate soil ecosystems. Currently, methanogenic archaea were the object of particular attention in permafrost studies, because of their key role in the Arctic methane cycle and consequently of their significance for the global methane budget.2

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Effect of microrelief and vegetation on methane emission from wet polygonal tundra, Lena Delta, Northern Siberia

Cited by 230 publications

References 50 publications

The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 1: Spring to fall

The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 1: Spring to fall

Summer fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide from a pond and floating mat in a continental Canadian peatland

Methanogenesis in Arctic Permafrost Habitats

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