Effect of microstructure of carbon steel on magnetite formation in simulated Hot Conditioning environment of nuclear reactors

Sinha, Prafful Kumar; Kumar, Manoj; Kain, Vivekanand

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.04.021

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results are in agreement with Langmuir isotherm analyses. There are three peaks at 44.637 o , 64.947 o and 82.332 o can be indexed to (110), ( 200) and (211) planes respectively which are belong to the Ferrites and Carbides of carbon steel substrate 63,64 .…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel with Tolyltriazole

2021

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Tolyltriazole (TTA) is a well-defined corrosion inhibitor for copper and copper alloys. However, there is little literature about its corrosion inhibition performance for mild steels in corrosive environments. This paper studied the electrochemical behavior of TTA in 0.5 M HCl solutions. Also, the morphology and nature of TTA layers on the steel surface were investigated. Electrochemical results showed that TTA is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic media with an efficiency of 91% for 0.07 M concentration. The results also indicated that TTA is a mixed-type inhibitor. XRD analysis revealed that the inhibition mechanism of TTA is based on the formation of an organic film due to the physically adsorbed molecules of TTA. AFM and EDS results showed that the formed layers decrease the adsorptivity of corrosive elements (Cl -) on the steel surface. Density Functional Theory (DFT) study confirmed the experimental results.

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Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel with Tolyltriazole

2021

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“…Figure shows micro hardness of the different cold worked carbon steel samples as measured on the surface. As carbon content of the steel is low (0.115%) (Table ), microhardness value of as‐received carbon steel was low, that is, 126 HV . Microhardness increased with increasing extent of cold working which may be attributed to the increase in strain hardening due to an increase in the dislocation density due to cold working.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the present study is to establish the effect of cold working on the oxidation kinetics of the carbon steel in high temperature and pressure aqueous environment and to characterize the semiconducting property oxide formed (by impedance spectroscopy and Mott–Schottky analysis) and correlate it with FAC susceptibility. Oxidation/corrosion kinetics of carbon steel by weight measurement as a function of time of exposure of the material to the process fluid has been reported earlier . The Mott–Schottky method is also extensively used for the determination of semiconducting property of the oxide film on metals and alloys and also for the determination of the defect density in the oxide film .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of cold working on oxidation behavior and nature of oxide film formed on carbon steel

Dubey

Roychowdhury

Kain

2017

Materials & Corrosion

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Carbon steel is extensively used as a structural material in the secondary circuit of nuclear reactors. During fabrication of components such as elbows, T‐joint, expander/reducer, etc., the material is subjected to cold working. Aim of this study is to systematically investigate the effect of cold working on the oxidation behavior of carbon steel in alkaline environment at high temperature and pressure. Specimens from cold worked (up to 30%) carbon steel samples were oxidized in an autoclave at 270 °C for durations of up to 240 h in water of pH25 °C 10–10.2 obtained by adding lithium hydroxide. Oxidation rate, as calculated by weight gain, increased with extent of cold working. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance measurements were done in a borate buffer solution of pH 9.2 at room temperature, to characterize the oxide film formed on cold worked specimens. Impedance measurement followed by Mott–Schottky analysis showed that the defect density in the oxide increased with extent of cold working. Detailed examination established that the type and size of crystallites formed on the outermost oxide layer was the same irrespective of the extent of cold working.

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“…bends and TSP, promote FAC. EDF progressively replaces carbon steel in these regions by stainless steel, which is less affected by FAC in nuclear power plants [42][43][44][45][46][47]. Nowadays, the most recent EDF TSPs are made of 13 wt% Cr stainless steel [2,48].…”

Section: Phenomenologymentioning

confidence: 99%