Effect of milling temperatures on surface area, surface energy and cohesion of pharmaceutical powders

Shah, Umang V.; Wang, Zihua; Olusanmi, Dolapo; Narang, Ajit S.; Hussain, Munir; Tobyn, Mike; Heng, Jerry Y. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.061

Cited by 46 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…To understand the mechanism that causes the best electrochemicalp erformance of LVO-15 among all samples,w e measured the surface energieso fthes amples using an inverse gas chromatography (IGC) method. [29,[39][40][41] The dispersive surfacee nergy was determined by the n-hexane, n-heptane, noctane and n-nonane probes. The retention of ag as probe molecule is defined as the amount of carrierg as required to elute the injectedv olume of probe moleculesf rom the column, quantified by the net retention volume, V n .D uring the test, the probe-probe interactions are negligible because the probesa re infinitely diluted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li₃VO₄ with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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Li VO , as a promising intercalation-type anode material for lithium-ion batteries, features a desired discharge potential (ca. 0.5-1.0 V vs. Li/Li ) and a good theoretical storage capacity (590 mAh g with three Li inserted). However, the poor electrical conductivity of Li VO hinders its practical application. In the present work, various amounts of oxygen vacancies were introduced in Li VO through annealing in hydrogen to improve its conductivity. To elucidate the influence of oxygen vacancies on the electrochemical performances of Li VO , the surface energy of the resulting material was measured with an inverse gas chromatography method. It was found that Li VO annealed in pure hydrogen at 400 °C for 15 min exhibited a much higher surface energy (60.7 mJ m ) than pristine Li VO (50.6 mJ m ). The increased surface energy would lower the activation energy of phase transformation during the charge-discharge process, leading to improved electrochemical properties. As a result, the oxygen-deficient Li VO achieved a significantly improved specific capacity of 495 mAh g at 0.1 Ag (381 mAh g for pristine Li VO ) and retains 165 mAh g when the current density increases to 8 Ag .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li₃VO₄ with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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“…The dispersive surface energy was calculated using the Schultz method. 16,[21][22][23] Briefly, the retention of a gas probe molecule is quantified by the net retention volume, V n , defined as the amount of …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high surface energy on lithium-ion intercalation properties of Ni-doped Li3VO4

et al. 2016

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Nickel was doped into Li 3 VO 4 (Ni-LVO) successfully via a facile room temperature reaction, and the resulting Ni-LVO nanocrystallites showed excellent lithium-ion storage properties with a capacity of 650 mAh g − 1 at 50 mAh g − 1 and excellent capacity stability as an anode in lithium-ion batteries, maintaining nearly 100% of the initial reversible capacity after 800 cycles at 1 A g − 1 . The superior electrochemical properties arose largely from the nickel doping in the Ni-LVO. The surface energy of the electrode material was analyzed by an inverse gas chromatography method, and the Ni-LVO surface energy, 43.91 mJ m − 2 , was much higher than the 30.74 mJ m − 2 of Li 3 VO 4 . X-ray photoelectron spectra results demonstrated that nickel doping promoted the formation of tetravalent vanadium ions, V 4+ , as well as a more amorphous surface of Li 3 VO 4 , thus probably resulting in more nucleation sites for the phase transformation and reduced activation energy of the redox reactions and phase transition during the lithium-ion intercalation/extraction processes. NPG Asia Materials (2016) 8, e287; doi:10.1038/am.2016.95; published online 22 July 2016 INTRODUCTION Li 3 VO 4 (LVO), whose structure consists of corner-sharing VO 4 and LiO 4 tetrahedra, has been studied as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. 1,2 It possesses several advantages over other anode materials. First, LVO has a small structural and volume change during lithiation/delithiation processes, thus resulting in good cyclic durability. 3 Second, it has high ionic conductivity (~10 − 4 S cm − 1 ), which facilitates the effective diffusion of lithium ions in bulk. 4 Third, compared with Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LVO can intercalate lithium ions in a low-voltage region (between 0.5 and 1.0 V vs Li/Li + ), thus eventually offering a high full cell energy density and maintaining good safety. 3,5 Finally, the hollow, lantern-like, three-dimensional structure of LVO crystal provides many empty sites to accommodate lithium ions and serves as lithium ion insertion channels. Theoretical calculations indicate that the inserted lithium ions have two different Wyckoff sites, which are stably occupied by three external lithium ions corresponding to a theoretical capacity of 591 mAh g − 1 when discharged to 0.01 V vs Li/Li + . 6 Despite these advantages, LVO suffers from low electrical conductivity, which may cause large polarization and poor rate capability. Hybridization with carbon materials such as graphite, 7,8 carbon nanotubes 9 and graphene 10,11 and reduction of the LVO particle size have been proven to be effective ways to enhance electrical conductivity and abate polarization. For example, carbon-encapsulated LVO nanoparticles synthesized by a simple solid-state method exhibit excellent rate capability and long cycling performance. 1 In addition, defects introduced by doping, thermal treatment at an inert or

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“…Increasing the amount of amorphous contents is reported to increase the surface energy which is the main reason for agglomeration. Therefore, agglomeration of particles with increasing milling cycles can be attributed to increasing surface energy of particles during milling (Shah et al, 2015). On the other hand, according to Fig.…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As per the results so far obtained by the researchers, there are several parameters including time, rotational speed and ball to powder mass ratio that influence the size of particles and their surface energy (Shah et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

A green method for production of nanobiochar by ball milling- optimization and characterization

Naghdi

Taheran

Brar

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

165

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Biochar, a solid by-product of waste biomass pyrolysis, has recently attracted interest for both environmental protection and agricultural applications due to its unique physicochemical properties (Oleszczuk et al., 2016). Beneficial properties include high surface area, porosity, and capability of adsorbing and exchanging different compounds such as organic contaminants, nutrients, and some gases (Yargicoglu et al., 2015). The advantages of using biochars and especially activated biochars, in wastewater treatment processes have already been reported (Zhang et al., 2013). Furthermore, a recent study showed that biochars have superior binding capacity toward engineered nanoparticles compared to commercial activated carbons (Inyang et al., 2014). Biochars can also improve soil fertility, productivity, increase nutrients content and water holding capacity, and reduce emissions of other greenhouse A green method for production of nanobiochar by ball milling-optimization and characterization

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Effect of milling temperatures on surface area, surface energy and cohesion of pharmaceutical powders

Cited by 46 publications

References 58 publications

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li₃VO₄ with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li₃VO₄ with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Effects of high surface energy on lithium-ion intercalation properties of Ni-doped Li3VO4

A green method for production of nanobiochar by ball milling- optimization and characterization

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Effect of milling temperatures on surface area, surface energy and cohesion of pharmaceutical powders

Cited by 46 publications

References 58 publications

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li3VO4 with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li3VO4 with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Effects of high surface energy on lithium-ion intercalation properties of Ni-doped Li3VO4

A green method for production of nanobiochar by ball milling- optimization and characterization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li₃VO₄ with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode

Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Li₃VO₄ with Controlled Oxygen Vacancies as Li‐Ion Battery Anode