Effect of Mixed Salts on Atmospheric Corrosion of 304 Stainless Steel

Guo, Liya; Mi, Na; Mohammed-Ali, Haval B.; Ghahari, Majid; Plessis, Andrew du; Cook, Angus; Street, Steven R.; Reinhard, Christina; Atwood, Robert C.; Rayment, Trevor; Davenport, Alison J.

doi:10.1149/2.0021911jes

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Droplets have been commonly used as a typical electrolyte system for the study of the atmospheric corrosion of iron (Risteen et al, 2014), carbon steel (Han et al, 2013;Schindelholz et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2016), stainless steel (Hastuty et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2011;Cook et al, 2017;Guo et al, 2019), zinc (Azmat et al, 2011;Li and Hihara, 2014), aluminum alloy (Yan et al, 2016;Bonzom and Oltra 2017;Thomson and Frankel, 2017), and copper (Lin and Frankel, 2013). Despite historically being the focus of much research, atmospheric corrosion under droplets and its underlying mechanisms continues to require more accurate investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Formation Mechanism of Microdroplets on Pure Iron

Tang

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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The electrochemical formation mechanism of microdroplets formed around a primary droplet of 3.5% NaCl solution on an iron-plated film was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and concentric three-electrode array (CTEA) measurements. During the initial stage, the microdroplets mainly originate from evaporation owing to cathodic polarization and electric current of the localized corrosion cell under the primary droplet. The maximal electrochemical potential difference between the anode and cathode was measured to be 0.36 V and acted as the driving force for the formation of microdroplets. The maximums of anodic and cathodic electric current density of pure iron under the NaCl droplet are 764 and −152 μA/cm2, respectively. Propagation of microdroplets in the developing stage attributes to horizontal movement of the electrolyte, water evaporation, and recondensation from primary and capillary condensation from moist air. The results of the study suggest that the initiation and propagation of microdroplets could promote and accelerate marine atmospheric corrosion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Formation Mechanism of Microdroplets on Pure Iron

Tang

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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“…Inspired by the well-known fact that chloride salts ( e.g. , NaCl and KCl) could extensively corrode metals or alloys at the temperature of 400–700 °C due to the generated highly corrosive gases, − we further thought that the “etching atmosphere” generated by NaCl at high temperature (Figure b) might also significantly improve the etching rate of NDs ( e.g. , etching away the adsorbed small-sized nanoparticles and rounding NDs).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Fabrication of Clean Nanodiamonds via Salt-Assisted Air Oxidation: Implications for Sensing and Imaging

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Nanodiamonds (NDs) have many potential applications, but their development is dependent on obtaining a well-defined surface through cleaning. Several purification methods, such as the promising air oxidation together with centrifugation, have been developed to remove the surface-adsorbed impurities on NDs. These stochastic impurities mainly consist of both ultrasmall NDs and nondiamond structures (e.g., disordered carbons), which are unavoidably generated during the synthesis and processing of diamond materials. However, it is difficult to eliminate these unwanted parts using existing methods, which restrict the widespread usage of NDs. Here, we developed a simple, reliable, and reproducible purification method, namely, the salt-assisted air oxidation treatment, requiring only one additional prestep, that is, mixing NDs with a proper amount of salt crystals (e.g., sodium chloride) prior to conventional oxidation. The developed method enables scale-up manufacturing of clean NDs, with a rounded shape transformed from the original shard-like shape. Furthermore, we uncovered the exact role of salt crystals in eliminating impurities during oxidation. These findings will significantly enhance the scope of these little gemstones in diverse scientific and industrial fields, particularly in demanding areas such as biomedical and quantum sensing requiring stable and sound surface functionalities.

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“…In Figure 10b, M can be Fe, Ni, or Cr, which are included in 304 austenitic stainless steel and n denotes the number of electrons. At the initial process of nucleation, the passive film is broken, and the corrosion pit is generated by the electrochemical gradient between the deposit layer and the steel [24,25]. In this work, tests were conducted under the stable immersion condition such that the deposit layers were formed on the notches, as captured in the SEM images in Figure 11.…”

Section: Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure10. Schematic illustration of the pit growth process: (a) formation of the passive film[23] and (b) corrosion pit generation by film breakdown and metal dissolution[12,24,25].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Stress Magnitude on Pit Growth Rate of 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel in Chloride Environments

Jeong

Kim

et al. 2021

Metals

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In this study, a corrosion pit test using notched bar specimens was conducted to investigate the effect of stress magnitude on the pit growth rate. To produce the notched bar specimens, 304 austenitic stainless steel was used, which is a material used for spent nuclear fuel canisters. Furthermore, three levels of stresses were generated using different notch radii. The corrosion pits were quantitatively measured through scanning electron microscopy and analyzed by finite element analysis. Based on experimental data, the pit growth rate model is suggested in terms of the stress and exposure time.

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Effect of Mixed Salts on Atmospheric Corrosion of 304 Stainless Steel

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Electrochemical Formation Mechanism of Microdroplets on Pure Iron

Electrochemical Formation Mechanism of Microdroplets on Pure Iron

Scalable Fabrication of Clean Nanodiamonds via Salt-Assisted Air Oxidation: Implications for Sensing and Imaging

Effect of Stress Magnitude on Pit Growth Rate of 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel in Chloride Environments

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