Effect of Moisture Content, Chopping, and Processing on Silage Effluent

Savoie, Philippe; Amyot, A.; Theriault, Robert J.

doi:10.13031/2013.9937

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The increase in the EE content in the silage compared to that of the original chopped grass corroborates the results of Arvidsson et al (2009) and Bochicchio et al (2015) and can be explained by the loss of watersoluble nutrients in the silo effluents or the fermentative products, thus concentrating the EE in the DM silage (Baumont, Arrigo, & Niderkorn, 2011;Bochicchio et al, 2015). The effluent losses can reach 28.5% of the original wet mass of a chopped grass with 13% DM ensiled manually in experimental silos made of PVC (Savoie, Amyot, & Thériault, 2002). According to these authors, the average effluent chemical composition was 125, 290, 3.1, and 126 g kg -1 DM of MM, CP, ammonia N, and soluble sugars, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…For each increment of 1 g kg -1 in silage DM content, there were increases of 0.08 g kg -1 DM (P=0.0070; r 2 = 0.44) and 0.70 g kg -1 DM (P<0.0001; r 2 = 0.82), respectively, in the silage EE and NDF contents. On the other hand, as a function of the age of regrowth, it is expected that the nutrients most likely to leach, i.e., MM, CP, ammonia N, and soluble sugars (Savoie et al, 2002) and most sensitive to anaerobic fermentative activity, e.g., watersoluble carbohydrates and proteins (Alves et al, 2011) had their levels reduced in the silages. Compared to the ensiled forages, the silage CP contents were reduced by 26%, 17%, 14% and 9% at regrowth ages of 50, 70, 90 and 110 days, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of BRS Capiaçu ensiled at different regrowth ages

Lopes¹,

Morenz²,

Lédo³

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of chopped forage and silage of BRS Capiaçu elephant grass at four regrowth ages: 50, 70, 90 and 110 days. A randomized block design with five replications was used. The ensiling was carried out manually in experimental silos without wilting using no additives or bacterial inoculants. The results were analyzed using mixed models (P < 0.05). The model included treatment (regrowth age) as a fixed effect and block as a random effect. Linear and quadratic effects of the treatments were analyzed using orthogonal contrasts. There were linear increases in the dry matter (DM, g kg-1) and lignin (g kg-1 DM) contents and linear reductions in the in vitro DM digestibility (g kg-1) of chopped grass and silage as a function of regrowth age (P < 0.001). Quadratic effects (P ≤ 0.01) were observed for the chopped grass contents (g kg-1 DM) of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) as a function of regrowth age. There were linear decreases (P < 0.0001) in the CP content (g kg-1 DM) and pH and linear increases (P < 0.001) in the EE and NDF contents (g kg-1 DM) in the silage as a function of regrowth age. There were linear decreases (P < 0.01) in the chopped grass contents and linear increases (P < 0.05) in the silage contents of total FAs, linoleic and α-linolenic acids (g kg-1 DM) asa function of regrowth age. BRS Capiaçu elephant grass must be harvested at up to 70 days of regrowth to obtain forage with good nutritional value and the highest levels of linoleic and α-linolenic acids (g kg-1 DM). To produce silages with adequate pH values and the highest levels of linoleic and α-linolenic acids (g kg-1 DM), BRS Capiaçu must be harvested between 90 and 110 days of regrowth.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of BRS Capiaçu ensiled at different regrowth ages

Lopes¹,

Morenz²,

Lédo³

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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“…An undesirable physical characteristic observed, but not measured, was the high quantity of effluent produced by Agave silages. Effluent production is negatively correlated with DM content (Frasen & Strubi, 1998) and positively correlated with nutrients loss or solubility as non-structural carbohydrates (Savoie et al, 2002;Yahaya et al, 2002). A reduction of moisture in fresh Agave could be an option to reduce effluent, as has been done with other forages (McDonald, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of plant age on the chemical composition of fresh and ensiled <i>Agave salmiana</i> leaves

Pinos-Rodríguez¹,

Zamudio²,

González³

2008

SA J. An. Sci.

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In the first study dry matter (DM), organic matter, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and soluble carbohydrate (SC) concentrations were determined in whole leaves and the upper and lower sections of whole leaves of the Agave salmiana (Otto ex. Salm-Dyck) plant. The pH and saponin concentration were measured in aqueous extracts from these leaves. The leaves were collected from plants at the young (ca. 12 years old), bud (ca. 14 years old) and mature (ca. 16 years old) stages of growth. The CP level of young Agave (48 g/kg DM) leaves was higher than in leaves from the bud (38 g/kg DM) and mature (43 g/kg DM) stages, and higher in the upper (51 g/kg DM) than in the lower (35 g/kg DM) leaf sections. The leaves at the bud stage contained lower NDF (189 g/kg DM) but higher SC (358 g/kg DM) levels than those of mature (272 g NDF, 247 g SC/kg DM) and young (273 g NDF, 189 g SC) plants. The saponin content of leaves was higher in the mature (11.1 g/kg DM) than in the bud stage (7.5 g/kg DM). In the second study the chemical composition of whole leaves from young, bud and mature micro-ensilaged (3.5 kg as fed) Agave was determined over a 36 weeks fermentation period. Agave silage had acceptable chemical characteristics. As time of fermentation increased, a linear decrease in DM and saponin concentration, a linear increase in NDF and lactic acid levels and a quadratic increase of pH values and ammonia-N concentrations were recorded. Both fresh and ensilaged leaves of the mature and the bud stages were the most desirable maturity stages of Agave to be utilised as feed for ruminants.

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“…Effluents usually contain sugars, soluble nitrogenous compounds, fermentation acids, and minerals (McDonald and Whittenbury, 1973;Randby, 1997;Haigh, 1999). Ash content can reach up to 16% of effluent DM (Savoie et al, 2002), whereas FA are not described to occur in effluents.…”

Section: Effect Of Ensiling On Fa Composition Of Silagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ensiling and silage additives on fatty acid composition of ryegrass and corn experimental silages1

Alves

Cabrita

Jerónimo

et al. 2011

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted using laboratory mini-silos to study the effect of ensiling and silage additives on fatty acid (FA) composition, including minor or unusual FA, of ryegrass and corn silages. Ryegrass was ensiled for 12 wk with no additives, with the addition of a bacterial inoculant or formic acid. Corn was ensiled for 9 wk without additives, with the addition of a bacterial inoculant or calcium formate. Ensiling affected both total FA content and FA composition of ryegrass silages. Total FA concentration increased (P < 0.001) during ryegrass ensiling. The proportions (g/100 g of total FA) of the major unsaturated FA, 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6, were not affected (P > 0.05) by ensiling. However, their concentration (mg/g of DM) in silages was greater (P=0.017 and P=0.001, respectively) than in fresh ryegrass. Two 18:2 FA (trans-11,cis-15 and cis-9,cis-15) that were not originally present in the fresh ryegrass were detected in silages. Silage additives affected the FA composition of ryegrass silages, mostly by increasing the proportions of SFA, but not on total FA concentration. Ensiling did not affect (P=0.83) total FA content of corn silages; however, FA composition was affected, mostly by decreasing the proportions of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3. Silage additives had no effect on corn silage FA composition. Exposing corn silages to air resulted in no oxidation of FA or reduction in total FA content or composition.

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Effect of Moisture Content, Chopping, and Processing on Silage Effluent

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of BRS Capiaçu ensiled at different regrowth ages

Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of BRS Capiaçu ensiled at different regrowth ages

The effect of plant age on the chemical composition of fresh and ensiled <i>Agave salmiana</i> leaves

Effect of ensiling and silage additives on fatty acid composition of ryegrass and corn experimental silages1

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