Effect of moisture content on denitrification in a clay soil

Craswell, E. T.; Martin, A. E.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(74)90072-8

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The intra-aggregate diffusion constant D, for nitrate in solution is given a constant value of 3.6 x lo-'' m2 s-' (McConnaughey & Bouldin, 19856); this is justified on the basis that although D, is generally a linear function of the volumetric moisture content 8, (Marshall & Holmes, 1979), 8. does not vary greatly over the range of conditions in which denitrification occurs (Craswell & Martin, 1974).…”

Section: O D E L P a R A M E T E R Smentioning

confidence: 89%

Steady‐state denitrification in aggregated soils: a mathematical model

Arah

Smith

1989

Journal of Soil Science

101

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A model is presented which calculates steady-state denitrification rates as a function of more readily-measured soil parameters: the soil moisture characteristic, the probability distributions of aggregate size and oxygen reduction potential, the nitrate concentration, and the moisture tension. The model does not depend on curve-fitting. It indicates that aggregates of intermediate size may be more efficient denitrifiers than very large ones. It provides a theoretical explanation for the reported observation of proportionality between denitrification rate and calculated anaerobic fraction of incubated soil cores. This proportionality extends over some five orders of magnitude and appears to be independent of moisture tension. Calculated whole-soil denitrification rates are affected principally by soil texture, structure and moisture tension, and less so by nitrate concentration. In addition to predicting denitrification rates, the model may be extended to predict the fraction of the gaseous products of denitrification emitted as nitrous oxide.

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Section: O D E L P a R A M E T E R Smentioning

confidence: 89%

Steady‐state denitrification in aggregated soils: a mathematical model

Arah

Smith

1989

Journal of Soil Science

101

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“…Many studies reported in the literature show heavy losses of N through denitrification under conditions of high moisture (Craswell and Martin, 1974) and in the presence of easily oxidizable C compounds (Bowman and Focht, 1974;Burford and Bremner, 1975;Stanford et al, 1975). Losses through denitrification are also reported from the rhizosphere of plants where rhizodeposition serves as C source for the denitrifiers (Eskew et al, 1977;Neyra and van Berkum, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Inmobilization-remineralization of NO3-N and total N balance during the decomposition of glucose, sucrose and cellulose in soil incubated at different moisture regimes

1988

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A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic amendment and moisture regimes on the immobilization-remineralization of NO 3-N and total N balance in soil fertilized with KNO 3. Immobilization of NO3-N was very rapid in soil amended with glucose and sucrose followed by a remineralization of organic N and accumulation of mineral N. Cellulose caused a slow but continued immobilization and did not show net accumulation of mineral N during 8 weeks of incubation. At the end of incubation, a significant increase in total N and organic N content of the soil was observed which is perhaps attributable to the activity of free living Nz fixers. Although N losses seemed to have occurred at 100% WHC through denitrification in soil amended with glucose and sucrose, main cause of NO3 elimination was microbial immobilization.

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“…The changes in microbial activity and denitrification rates in soils as affected by variations in pore space and moisture levels have been extensively researched (Craswell & Martin, 1974;Myers et al, 1982;Linn & Doran, 1984;Rodrigo et al, 1997;Franzluebbers, 1999;Ruser et al, 2006). Nonetheless, few studies have examined the effects of alterations in soil physical properties on N transformation (Torbert & Wood, 1992;Tan et al, 2005;Ruser et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of compaction on microbial activity and carbon and nitrogen transformations in two oxisols with different mineralogy

Silva¹,

Silva

Barros

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe use of machinery in agricultural and forest management activities frequently increases soil compaction, resulting in greater soil density and microporosity, which in turn reduces hydraulic conductivity and O 2 and CO 2 diffusion rates, among other negative effects. Thus, soil compaction has the potential to affect soil microbial activity and the processes involved in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. This study was carried out under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of soil compaction on microbial activity and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralization. Two Oxisols with different mineralogy were utilized: a clayey oxidic-gibbsitic Typic Acrustox and a clayey kaolinitic Xantic Haplustox (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo ácrico -LVA, and Latossolo Amarelo distrófico -LA, respectively, in the Brazil Soil Classification System). Eight treatments (compaction levels) were assessed for each soil type in a complete block design, with six repetitions. The experimental unit consisted of PVC rings (height 6 cm, internal diameter 4.55 cm, volume 97.6 cm 3 ). The PVC rings were filled with enough soil mass to reach a final density of 1.05 and 1.10 kg dm -3 , respectively, in the LVA and LA. Then the soil samples were wetted (0.20 kg kg -1 = 80 % of field capacity) and compacted by a hydraulic press at pressures of 0, 60, 120, 240, 360, 540, 720 and 900 kPa. After soil compression the new bulk density was calculated according to the new volume occupied by the soil. Subsequently each PVC ring was placed within a 1 L plastic pot which was then tightly closed. The soils were incubated under aerobic conditions for 35 days and the basal respiration rate (CO 2 -C production) was estimated in the last two weeks. After the incubation period, the following soil chemical and microbiological properties were --N in the LA and CO 2 -C in the LVA. It also decreased the C MIC at higher compaction levels in the LA. Thus, soil compaction decreases the TOC turnover probably due to increased physical protection of soil organic matter and lower aerobic microbial activity. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that under controlled conditions, the oxidic-gibbsitic Oxisol (LVA) was more susceptible to the effects of high compaction than the kaolinitic (LA) as far as organic matter cycling is concerned; and compaction pressures above 540 kPa reduced the total and organic nitrogen in the kaolinitic soil (LA), which was attributed to gaseous N losses.Index terms: soil bulk density, carbon mineralization, net N mineralization, microbial biomass carbon. de 0, 60, 120, 240, 360, 540, 720 (COT), RESUMO: EFEITO DA COMPACTAÇÃO SOBRE A ATIVIDADE MICROBIANA E TRANSFORMAÇÕES DO CARBONO E NITROGÊNIO EM DOIS LATOSSOLOS COM DISTINTAS MINERALOGIAS A mecanização em atividades agrícolas e florestais tem incrementado a compactação do solo, o que resulta no aumento da densidade e microporosidade, bem como na redução da condutividade hidráulica e das taxas de difusão de O 2 e CO 2 , entre outros efeitos negativos. Assim, a compac...

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Effect of moisture content on denitrification in a clay soil

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Steady‐state denitrification in aggregated soils: a mathematical model

Steady‐state denitrification in aggregated soils: a mathematical model

Inmobilization-remineralization of NO3-N and total N balance during the decomposition of glucose, sucrose and cellulose in soil incubated at different moisture regimes

Effect of compaction on microbial activity and carbon and nitrogen transformations in two oxisols with different mineralogy

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