Effect of Moringa olifera leaves on growth and gut microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Moringa olifera on the growth and gut health of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The feed having 30% crude protein was prepared as an experimental diet with 4%, 8% and 10% M. olifera leaf supplementation, respectively. The control diet was devoid of M. olifera leaves. The 10 weeks feeding trial was carried out on 60 fish in aquaria. Fish was fed @ 3% of body weight twice a day. Diet with the high level of inclusion of M. olifera leaves significantly increased the growth rate, Survival Rate (SR), Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) in all treatment groups compared to the control group. Similarly, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) gradually decreased and found highly-significant. To check the gut health of the Tilapia, random samples were selected and dissected. Nutrient agar was used as culture media to check the growth of bacteria. Pour Plate Method was used for viable colonies count by colony counter. Through staining method, the different bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identify abundantly in the intestine of control diet fish but less number present in treatment diets groups. These results showed that M. olifera leaves up to 10% of dietary protein can be used for Nile tilapia for significant growth and healthy gut microbiota of fish.

Jumlah dan Proporsi Bakteri Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) yang Diberi Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dalam Pakan

“…Uji coba penggunaan daun kelor sebagai bahan tambahan pada pakan juga telah dilakukan untuk ikan bawal air tawar, Colossoma macropomum (Aida, Suharman, & Adelina, 2020); gurami, Oshpronemus gourami (Anti et. al., 2018); ikan nila, Oreochromis niloticus (Parveen et al, 2021); dan ikan patin siam, Pangasius hypophthalmus (Nores, Suharman, & Adelina, 2020). Selain mempengaruhi pertumbuhan, pemberian daun kelor sebagai pakan ikan juga dapat mempengaruhi komunitas bakteri di saluran pencernaan ikan.…”

“…Senyawa antibakteri pada daun kelor dilaporkan dapat digunakan untuk menekan pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Widowati, Efiyati, & Wahyuningtyas, 2014), Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus (Dima & Lolo, 2016), dan Edwardsiella tarda (Budiyanto, Madyowati, & Mertin, 2020). Pemberian daun kelor sebagai pakan ikan juga dilaporkan dapat menurunkan bakteri patogen pada ikan nila (Parveen et al, 2021) dan ikan patin (Saputra et.al., 2020). Beberapa hasil penelitian tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan daun kelor sebagai pakan ikan dapat mempengaruhi komunitas bakteri di saluran pencernaan ikan.…”

“…Hasil yang tidak signifikan ini kemungkinan terkait dengan jumlah tepung daun kelor yang ditambahkan ke pakan terlalu sedikit, yaitu paling tinggi 6 g/kg pakan. Hasil penelitian Parveen et al, (2021) menunjukkan bahwa daun kelor memberikan efek yang signifikan terhadap mikrobiota usus ikan nila ketika diberikan dengan dosis yang tinggi, yaitu 40-100 g/kg pakan. Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan Moringa olifera menghambat pertumbuhan beberapa jenis bakteri seperti Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dan Salmonella dalam usus ikan.…”

Seed Priming with Glass Waste Microparticles and Red Light Irradiation Mitigates Thermal and Water Stresses in Seedlings of Moringa oleifera

“…In this scenario, Moringa oleifera Lamarck, a species of the family Moringaceae and native to India and Pakistan [ 3 ], could be one such alternative for cultivation given its various food, medicinal, industrial, environmental, and social purposes, and as an abundant source of essential amino acids, macronutrients, and micronutrients. This species also shows outstanding anti-fungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumoral, and anti-bacterial properties, with high seed oil contents [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Furthermore, the species can also be used to purify water, generate income, and improve the quality of life of producers around the world [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

“…This species also shows outstanding anti-fungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumoral, and anti-bacterial properties, with high seed oil contents [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Furthermore, the species can also be used to purify water, generate income, and improve the quality of life of producers around the world [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”