Effect of muscle strength and movement speed on the biomechanics of rising from a chair in healthy elderly and young women

Gross, M. Melissa; Stevenson, Pamela; Charette, Susan L.; Pyka, G.; Marcus, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0966-6362(98)00033-2

Cited by 236 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Reduced lower limb extensor strength makes this task of standing and sitting difficult and may require the assistance of the upper limbs. 18,25,27 At least 85° of knee flexion is needed for sit-to-stand movements. 11 In addition, the femurs may be abducted and externally rotated during sitting.…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, quadriceps muscle tightness in combination with eccentric quadriceps contraction during sitting may not change the contact area of the patella but may result in high medial patellofemoral loading. 48 In the elderly, maintaining lower limb strength and muscle length, 18,19,27,28,32,43,46 and avoiding low or soft seats, and seats without arms, may help reduce wear at the patellofemoral joint.…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of Patellofemoral Articular Cartilage Wear in Cadavers

Gorniak¹

2009

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Anatomical studies describe the structure of the articulating bones, the articular cartilage, and the lack of joint congruity. 7,12,17,44,[50][51][52] The triangular patella has a rounded superior pole and a pointed inferior pole (FiGUre 1). Anteriorly, its surface is embedded in the quadriceps tendon. Posteriorly, its surface articulates with t STUdY deSiGn: Descriptive.t oBJeCTiVe: Describe and compare patellar and femoral condylar wear patterns, and the wear frequency of both, relative to each other, gender, and sidedness.t BaCkGroUnd: Studies on normal and pathological patellar cartilage and patellofemoral joint biomechanics are plentiful. However, patellar wear patterns are undefined, as is the relationship of patellar to femoral condylar wear.t MeTHodS: Articular wear was described for 50 patellae and matching femurs from 26 cadavers. Wear locations were transcribed to gridded templates, and these were compared graphically for frequency, gender, and sidedness of wear. The percent frequency of wear was calculated and areas of wear described.t reSULTS: Three patellar and 2 femoral types of wear patterns were observed, and 12 areas of patellar wear and 3 areas of femoral wear described. Patella wear was along the horizontal middle of the patella, with marked medial and odd facet wear. Femoral wear was on the anterior and posterior aspects of the medial condyle, and posterior aspect of the lateral femoral condyle. Patellar and femoral wear frequencies were similar bilaterally, but patellar wear may differ with gender.t ConCLUSionS: Patella and distal femur showed distinct wear patterns. The wear area under the patella matches the contact area between the patella and distal femur normally occurring between 45° to 90° of knee flexion. Patellofemoral assessment and treatment may differ for the aged population because of mechanical changes due to wear.

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Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Patellofemoral Articular Cartilage Wear in Cadavers

Gorniak¹

2009

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…Subjects were selected if they were able to rise unassisted from a chair and did not have any of the following contraindications: known musculoskeletal or neuromuscular conditions that would limit their ability to rise from a chair, balance disorders, osteoporosis, recent significant injury or treatment, recent hip or knee replacement, current rehabilitation care, or current fainting or dizzy spells [19].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trunk flexion and thigh angle readings were used to determine the motion time. The start and end of motion were defined as the time at which the trunk angular velocity exceeded 0.1 rad/s [19] and the thigh extension angular velocity dropped below 0.1 rad/s, respectively.…”

Section: Biomechanical Model and Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of seat, waist, and arm sit-to-stand assistance modalities in elderly population

2013

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Abstract-The ability to perform a sit-to-stand (STS) motion is important for ambulatory adults to function independently and maintain daily activities. Roughly 6% of community-dwelling older adults experience significant difficulties with STS, a major risk factor for institutionalization. While mechanical STS assistance can help address this problem, full dependence on STS assistance provided by devices such as lift chairs can lead to atrophy of the leg muscles. We investigated the mechanics of assisted STS motion in order to better understand how loadsharing STS mechanisms may facilitate STS motions while still requiring activation of the leg muscles. Experiments were conducted with 17 nondisabled older adults performing unassisted and assisted STS rises with grab bar, arm, seat, and waist assistance. Each mode of rise was evaluated based on a subject questionnaire and key biomechanical metrics relating to stability, knee effort reduction, and rise trajectory. Results show that the seat-and waist-assist modes provide statistically significant improvements in stability metrics and reductions in required knee torques over unassisted rises and bar assistance. The assists most preferred by the subjects were the seat and bar assists. Overall, our results favor a seat-assisted STS modality for nonclinical applications and indicate further testing of this modality with a clinical population.

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“…특히 하지근력 약화 및 평형성 저하는 낙상과 밀접한 관련이 있다 [14][15][16][17]. 노인에 있어서의 보행은 일반적으 로 연령이 증가함에 따라 보행속도가 늦춰지는데 [18] …”

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Kinematic Difference between the Lower Limb Joints and the Lower Extremities Given Elderly Women's Walking through the Lower-limb Resistance Exercises

Seo¹

2009

The Journal of the Korea Contents Association

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The purpose of this study is to offer basic data for the fall prevention by analyzing the kinematic difference between the lower limb joints and the lower extremities in elderly people's walking given the lower-limb resistance exercises. For this, three-dimensional image analysis was carried out by selecting 7 elderly women from over 70s to under 80 years old. To obtain the three-dimensional location coordinates in the lower limb joints and the lower extremities, it shot with 100Hz/s by using MCU(Qualisys, Sweden) camera. The shot image gained raw data on the location coordinates by using QTM(Qualisys, Sweden). As a result of calculating three-dimensional angle by using program of Matlab 6.5, the following conclusions were obtained. Flexion and extension in the thigh and the lower-leg extremities were indicated to be big in motion of flexion after exercising at E5. Foot segment indicated statistical difference while showing eversion at E4. Knee joints showed flexion at E4 after exercising. Ankle joints showed statistical difference while indicating motion in inversion at E3 and in eversion at E4(p<.05).

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Effect of muscle strength and movement speed on the biomechanics of rising from a chair in healthy elderly and young women

Cited by 236 publications

References 22 publications

Patterns of Patellofemoral Articular Cartilage Wear in Cadavers

Patterns of Patellofemoral Articular Cartilage Wear in Cadavers

Comparison of seat, waist, and arm sit-to-stand assistance modalities in elderly population

Kinematic Difference between the Lower Limb Joints and the Lower Extremities Given Elderly Women's Walking through the Lower-limb Resistance Exercises

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