Effect of Music on State of Ischaemia in Stable Angina; a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Introduction: Ischaemic heart disease is the number one cause of deaths in the world. As these patients experience severe distress due to a number of associated reasons, it is important to focus on both physiological and psychological needs of the patients in the management. Beyond the standard medical and surgical treatments, relaxation therapies such as relaxing music have been identified as having impact in reducing morbidity in ischaemic heart disease. Even though several studies have been conducted to find out the impact of music on pain, anxiety, heart rate and stress associated with myocardial ischaemia, it is hard to find literature on the long-term effects of music on ischaemia. Therefore the effort of this study was to determine the long-term effects of Indian classical music on state of ischaemia in stable angina. Methodology: A single blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients of 45 to 65 years of age with stable angina. Intervention group (n = 30) listened to a music based on Indian classical system at home twice a day complementary to their regular treatment for a period of one month. Control group (n = 30) was only on their usual treatment. Both groups were assessed before and one month after the study period for state of ischaemia based on exercise ECG results. Results: Significant improvement in state of ischaemia (p < 0.01) was observed in the intervention group (increase in mean exercise duration by 123 s, the stage at which the test was terminated, maximum metabolic equivalents level * Corresponding author. S. Siritunga et al.1174 achieved by 2.1, the time until 1 mm ST depression by 127.3 s and the time until maximum ST segment depression by 85.9 s and significant reduction in mean maximal ST segment depression by 0.55 mm). But no significant improvement was observed in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Systematic, regular listening of music based on Indian classical system significantly improved the severity of the state of ischaemia associated with stable angina. Hence music therapy has a potential benefit in considering for use as complementary to angina treatment in reducing morbidity.

Effect of Music on Quality of Life in Stable Angina: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Moreover, from our study, no adverse effects due to music listening for a prolonged period were observed and hence this also confirms the current evidence of safety of relaxation music in therapeutic use [14]. This perceived improvement of the QoL in stable angina patients may be due to the significant improvement of severity of symptoms and the state of ischaemiaas observed in the previous parallel studies [18] [19] and hence the effect of music on underlying pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia. Therefore, this would further help the scientists to understand the pathophysiological phenomenon of the effect of relaxing music.…”

“…As this was an extension of two studies published [18] [19], the base line data were same as mentioned in the Table 1 of the previous research [19]. Both groups were approximately similar in the measured socio demographic variables.…”

“…This study was an extension of a single blind randomised controlled trial conducted to investigate the effect of music on symptoms and state of ischaemia in SA [18] [19].…”

“Adjunctive effects of a short session of music on pain, low-mood and anxiety modulation among cancer patients” – A randomized crossover clinical trial

“…Cancer patients experience pain, anxiety, and low mood, together with symptoms of related sympathetic overactivity (such as raised pulse rate, blood pressure, pupillary size, and respiratory rate). [1920212223] Our study aimed to fill the gap in knowledge about the potential effect of culturally appropriate instrumental classical music on the alleviation of these symptoms and signs among a cohort of cancer patients in Sri Lanka.…”

Mental Health Disorder Therapeutic Modalities Modified for the GMS

“…The effects of relaxing music are reducing stress hormones, metabolic rate, heart rate, blood pressure, free fatty acids, and oxygen consumption through neurophysiological mechanism. These effects include reducing the severity of the disease [ 24 ]. Moreover, studies have shown that participants’ physiological factors such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate were decreased as a result of maintaining pleasant activities in daily life [ 25 ].…”