Effect of Myrtus Communis L. Extracts on Attenuation of Liver Normothermic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Abstract

The Common Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) is rich in antioxidants, particularly in anthocyanin. It was recognized for its anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects.The aim of our work is to evaluate the effect of Common Myrtle on a model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in Rat.Two morphs were chosen: white fruit Myrtle and black fruit Myrtle. Within each morph, fruit and leaf were separated and obtained extract were used to determine their effects on the hepatic model of ischemia-reperfusion.Our work was conducted in three steps (1) Induction of hepatic ischemia (90 minutes) in Wistar Rat (2) injection of the Myrtle extract during 15 minutes before reperfusion (3) and reperfusion (2 hours).To evaluate the effect of Myrtle on ischemia-reperfusion, we have monitored transaminases levels, Monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) concentrations (to assess the liver metabolic capacity) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration.The determination of total phenol extracts of Myrtle showed a significant difference between black fruit Myrtle (11.3 µg/ml), white fruit (27 µg/ml) and black fruit Myrtle leaves (94.3 µg/ml). The latter presented the highest antioxidant activity (86.54%).With the extract from the white fruit of Myrtle, we noted a decrease of AST and ALT, respectively, 1321 U/I and 773 U/I compared with I/R group was 5757 U/I and 5404 U/I and an increase in the MEGX concentrations and decrease in MDA.The testing of extracts of Myrtle in a model of hepatic ischemia showed a difference in the protective power against damage of ischemia-reperfusion, by origin and type of fruit (black or white).

Review of Pharmacological Effects ofMyrtus communisL. and its Active Constituents

“…To evaluate the effect of myrtle leaf and fruit extracts on ischemia‐reperfusion, the levels of transaminases and the concentration of monoethylglycinexylidide (for assessing the metabolic capacity of the liver) and MDA were determined after a single administration of 1 mg/kg lidocaine. Results showed that myrtle provided protection against the damage of ischemia‐reperfusion and this effect was variable, depending on the origin and type of myrtle's fruit (black or white) (Ferchichi et al ., ).…”

Antidiabetic Activity of Different Extracts of Myrtus Communis in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

“…The major polar constituents of Myrtus communis leaf extract are flavonoids and glycosides [20][21][22]. It is possible that the presence of flavonoids may be responsible for the observed antidiabetic activity [28].…”

“…Myrtle leaf extracts have been reported to possess antihyperglycemic and antibacterial properties. Recent reports have described antioxidant activities of different extracts of myrtle and certain ingredients, implying its potential as medicine for the treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress, including diabetes mellitus [20,21]. Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae) leaves and the volatile oil obtained from the leaves may impact blood glucose through different mechanisms some of which may influence insulin's activity [22].…”

Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) berries, seeds, leaves, and essential oils: New undiscovered sources of natural compounds with promising health benefits

“…Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury represents the main complication of hepatic trauma, resection, or transplantation. The anti‐ischemic activities of myrtle have been demonstrated in a rat hepatic model of ischemia‐reperfusion, where berry and leaves extracts (25 mg/kg for 15 min before reperfusion) protected against ischemia, reducing the hepatic levels of MDA and transaminase activities (alanine and aspartate transaminase), as well as improving liver metabolic function (Ferchichi et al., 2011; Salouage et al., 2010).…”