Effect of Nano Ceramic Coating on Color Perceptibility and Acceptability of Polymethylmethacrylate: In Vitro and Clinical Study

Abstract

The effect of a novel nano-ceramic coating (TiO2) using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique on the surface of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material was investigated. The patients’ and clinicians’ perception and acceptance of the PMMA color with TiO2 coating were also examined. In vitro color measurement was performed on thirty specimens (light, original, and dark pink) before and after TiO2 coating. Patients’ and clinicians’ perception and acceptance of color changes on PMMA were measured and compared. Descriptive and analytic statistics were analyzed (a = 0.05). TiO2 films were successfully deposited on the PMMA specimen by the ALD technique. Color changes after TiO2 coating were observed on all three PMMA shades, significantly higher than the established 50:50% perceptibility threshold, but below the established 50:50% acceptability threshold. The percentage of patients that perceived a color difference after TiO2 coating were 83.3%, 63.9%, and 77.8% for light, original, and dark pink, respectively. The percentages of clinicians that were satisfied with the color difference were 96.4%, 80%, and 69.2% for light, original, and dark pink, respectively. Color changes after TiO2 coating were observed, but below the acceptable threshold. The clinical survey demonstrated that a color difference was perceived but was clinically acceptable. In general, laypeople have lower perception and higher acceptance of changes in PMMA color than clinicians.

Analysis of Colour Differences Obtained by Acceptability and Perceptibility Threshold (Visual Method):-Review

“…Many of these studies reported the PT value at 0.8. 2,[16][17][18] Regarding the acceptable threshold, its value varies from 1.8-3.7 with the majority 20 research referencing to 2.7 2,19-21 and just three of 20 studies was consider the acceptability value above 5. It is important to note that each reference (Table 1) got a special research methodology, whether in vitro or in vivo , as well as a different formula, which could have affected the calculated values for PT and AT.…”