Effect of Nano-Oleanolic Acid Combined With Lipid-Lowering Ketones on Insulin Resistance in Rats with Gestational Diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes is a widespread metabolic syndrome, an important complication during pregnancy. Most cases are type 2 diabetes, which has attracted the attention of the World Health Organization. The typical feature of T2DM is insulin resistance (IR). Its mechanism remains unclear, but it mainly manifests through parameters like insulin sensitivity, blood glucose level, and liver stability. Oxidative stress and insulin transduction play an important role in IR. This study simulates the disease situation, establishes a high-fat and high-fructose-induced model induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), and adopts nano-sized oleanolic acid combined with lipid-lowering ketones to explore improvement in the IR mechanism. We found combining nano-sized oleanolic acid and lipid-lowering ketones can slow down the weight gain process in rats, reduce fasting blood glucose levels, increase the insulin sensitivity index, reduce the serum MDA, NO, and triglyceride content, and increase SOD, CAT activity. In summary, our results show that the combined use of nano-sized oleanolic acid and lipid-lowering ketone in pregnant rats with double height can reduce glucose metabolism, delay lipid production, and reduce oxidative stress, which is useful for further treatment and interpretation of T2DM The mechanism provides a theoretical basis.

Potential Molecular Targets of Oleanolic Acid in Insulin Resistance and Underlying Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review

“…Once the duplicates were removed, 2702 records were screened, from which 2645 were excluded. Then, 57 reports were sought for retrieval, and 5 of them were not retrieved [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Later, 52 full-text articles were read to assess their eligibility, and finally 16 studies were included.…”

The Effect and Mechanism of Oleanolic Acid in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Oxidative stress is closely associated with diabetes and causes deleterious consequences of diabetes [ 72 ]. OA could improve the antioxidant capacity in diabetic rats by attenuating the levels of NO and malonaldehyde (MDA), as well as enhancing the level of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) [ 73 , 74 ]. In addition, OA was able to enhance the antioxidant function of mitochondria by increasing the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and SOD [ 75 ].…”