Effect of Nano Potassium and Cytokinins in the Vegetative Growth Traits of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out at the Al-Hsai District/Falluja City/Al-Anbar Province during the winter season 2020-2021. To study the effect of Nano potassium (NK) and Cytokinin (CTK) on the growth, and quality of the local cultivar of faba bean. Split plot system was used according to the design of a completely randomized block design R.C.B.D and three replications. The main blocks included four concentrations of CTK; 0, 50, 100, and 150 mg. L-1, while the secondary blocks included four concentrations of NP; 0, 1, 2, and 3 g.L-1. The results of the experiment were summarized as follows: The NK concentrations influenced all the studied properties. Where the concentration of 2 g.L-1 affected most of the studied properties, like the plant height of 122.9 cm, the number of branches per plant of 14.34 branches. plant-1, the number of leaves per plant of 157.9 leaves. plant-1, leaf area 4918 cm2. plant-1, and leaf content of chlorophyll of 48.28 SPAD, while the control treatment outperformed in the trait of flowering beginning with the lowest average number of days (61.67 days). The CTK concentration of 100 mg. L-1 affected significantly on most of the studied traits. Where it prevails in plant height of 130.97 cm, number of branches per plant 13.55 branches. plant-1, number of leaves per plant of 165.5 leaves. plant-1, and LA of 5689 cm2. Plant-1. The highest level of Leaf chlorophyll content of 44.98 SPAD was found in the CTK concentration of 50 mg. L-1, which was not significantly different from 150 mg.L-1. Whereas the lowest number of days from cultivation to flowering starts of 62.58 days were found at control treatment. The interaction between NK and CTK had affected most of the studied traits, as the interaction of 2 gm. L-1 and 100 mg. L-1 (NK x CTK) has the highest average of plant height (158 cm) and number of leaves per plant (186.1 leaves. plant-1). Whereas the interaction between 1 gm. L-1 NP and 50 gm. L-1 CTK has the highest number of branches per plant 16.61 branches. Plant-1. Moreover, the highest average of LA (6812 cm2.plant-1) was found in the interaction between 1 gm. L-1 NP and 100 mg.L-1 CTK. The highest Leaf chlorophyll content of 56.53 SPAD was found in the interaction of 2 gm. L-1 of NP and 50 gm.L-1 of CTK. Whereas, the same interaction has an insignificant difference on number of days from cultivation to flowering starts trait.

Response of Vegetative Growth Traits of Several Soybean Cultivars to Spraying with the Growth Regulator Triacontanol (TRIA)

“…The reason may be due to the superiority of the Lee cultivar in this trait due to the nature of the genetic of the cultivars, which was clearly reflected in their response to environmental conditions, and thus increased cell division and elongation, which positively affected the increase in plant height. The result was in line with what was found by some researchers [7,15], who found that soybean cultivars differed among themselves in plant height. Effect of spraying the growth regulator TRIA on plant height directly proportional with increasing the concentration of the growth regulator.…”

“…The spraying of plants with a concentration of 40 mg L -1 achieved the highest average of 38.71 SPAD for the studied trait, and it did not differ significantly from the plants sprayed with a concentration of 50 mg L -1 , which achieved an average of 37.84 SPAD, while these averages decreased when the plants were treated with distilled water (control treatment) with the lowest mean of 33.64 SPAD. The results were in line with what was found [14,15]. The results showed a significant interaction study factor, the results showed that spraying the plants of Se-220 cultivar with the growth regulator TRIA at a concentration of 40 mg L -1 gave the highest average for this trait amounted to 40.87 SPAD, while the plants of the same cultivar when sprayed with distilled water only recorded the lowest average of 32.33 SPAD.…”

“…The reason for this difference in leaf area averages may be due to the superiority of plants sprayed with a high concentration of the growth regulator (TRIA) in a number of growth characteristics such as plant height and number of branches (Tables 2 and 4), which helped to increase the formation of shoots, and this reflected positively in increasing the number of leaves in the plant and thus increase the leaf area [17]. The results were in line with what was found [15]. The interaction between the study factors had a significant effect on leaf area, Plants of the Lee cultivar sprayed with a concentration of 60 mg L -1 recorded the highest average of 48.96 cm 2 Plant -1 outperforming the rest of the other treatments, while plants of Shama cultivar treated with distilled water only recorded the lowest average of 26.34 cm 2 Plant -1 .…”