Effect of nanofluid on thermo hydraulic performance of double layer tapered microchannel heat sink used for electronic chip cooling

Kumar, Avinash; Nath, Sujit; Bhanja, Dipankar

doi:10.1080/10407782.2018.1448611

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We show that the use of a shear-thinning fluid enhances the thermal and hydraulic performance both simultaneously. Hence, we demonstrate that even a tapered DL-MCHS, which is nonviable with a Newtonian working fluid, 25,26 becomes viable when a shear-thinning fluid is used as a coolant. However, the viable regime of tapered DL-MCHS with shear-thinning coolant is bounded by higher tapering and higher flow rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The material of the heat sink is chosen as silicon with density ρ s = 2330 kg/m 3 , thermal conductivity k s = 149 W/m-K and specific heat c p,s = 703 J/kg-K. Taking into account the aforementioned assumptions, the subsequent governing partial differential equations are employed 25,26 :…”

Section: Description Of Simulation Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, several modifications are done to improve the thermal and hydraulic efficiency of the DL-MCHS. The modifications are mainly done in the geometry like incorporating ribs and grooves, 15,16 wavy walls, 17,18 deflectors, 19 pin-fins, 20,21 porous media, [22][23][24] and tapered channels [25][26][27][28][29] to disrupt the thermal boundary layer growth, thereby enhancing the cooling rate. However, simultaneously, these lead to greater pressure losses in comparison to a conventional straight channel, leading to a rise in required input pumping power, which is not desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating fluid rheology and confinement toward augmenting the performance of a double layered microchannel heat sink

Kumar,

Das,

Bakli

2024

Heat Trans

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The improvement of the cooling performance of liquid‐cooled microchannel heat sinks used for densely packed electronic circuits is sorted via passive techniques like tuning substrate or coolant properties. We propose a design for enhancing heat sink performance by simulataneously modifying the channel geometry and tuning the fluid rheology. By modeling the coolant as a power law fluid, its rheological behavior is varied ranging from shear‐thinning to shear‐thickening, alongside Newtonian fluid. We introduced tapering to the middle wall that separates the bottom and top channels of a double layered microchannel heat sink (DL‐MCHS), causing both channels to converge. This convergence not only increases the flow velocity within the downstream microchannel but also reduces the apparent viscosity of the shear‐thinning fluid being subjected to shear, resulting in enhanced thermal and hydraulic performance. We analyze the results from both the first and the second law of thermodynamics context, demonstrating that a tapered DL‐MCHS with shear‐thinning fluid outperforms a straight partition wall DL‐MCHS with Newtonian coolant. However, we also discovered that extreme tapering compromises thermodynamic viability, but by fine‐tuning the extent of tapering, we inferred that a DL‐MCHS with shear‐thinning fluid can become viable with little compromise in the thermal performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Description Of Simulation Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulating fluid rheology and confinement toward augmenting the performance of a double layered microchannel heat sink

Kumar,

Das,

Bakli

2024

Heat Trans

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“…By considering the pumping power, boosting the convergence reduces the thermohydraulic performance of the microchannel as compared with the direct channels. Kumar et al 39 investigated the effect of using alumina/water nanofluid as a cooling fluid in the double‐layer tapered microchannels. They reported that boosting the size of nanoparticles reduces the Nu number, while enhancing the volumetric fraction of nanoparticles in the base fluid increases the Nu number.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat transfer and entropy generation of hybrid nanofluid inside the convergent double‐layer tapered microchannel

Sarvar-Ardeh

Rafee

Rashidi

2022

Math Methods in App Sciences

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When designing microscale heat exchangers, the reduction of energy dissipation and improved system performance in terms of heat transfer and fluid flow should be considered. Some methods, such as the use of nanofluids and convergent walls in the microchannel heat sinks, can be helpful. In this study, the hydrothermal performance and entropy generation of alumina‐silica/water hybrid nanofluid in the double‐layer tapered microchannel are investigated using the three‐dimensional simulation. The flow Re number and the volumetric fraction of the nanoparticles vary in the ranges of 50 to 400 and 0% to 5%, respectively. Numerical results show that by using the convergent microchannel, in addition to decreasing the maximum base surface temperature, the temperature gradient also becomes more uniform. Boosting the volumetric fraction of nanoparticles and decreasing the tapered factor (TF) reduce the thermal resistance of the system but cause higher pumping powers. At Re = 400 and φ = 5%, when the convergence factor of the channel reduces from 1 to 0.4, pumping power will increase 149% but the thermal resistance reduction about 12%. At lower Re numbers, the effects of channel convergence on enhancing the mean Nu number are greater than the cases with higher Re numbers. In general, boosting the convergence of the channel increases the frictional entropy generation and diminishes the thermal entropy generation. At Re = 200 and φ = 5%, by decreasing the tapered ratio from TF = 1 to TF = 0.4, the frictional entropy generation will double and the thermal entropy generation will reduce by 7.9%.

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“…Besides, the thermal‐hydro characteristics improve with increasing the length of the splitter plate. Also, Kumar et al have reported the effect micro heat sinks with convergence double‐layers channel on the thermo‐hydraulic performance using water and Al 2 O 3 –H 2 O nanofluids. They indicated that although the thermal characteristics of inclined micro‐channels are higher than that of straight channels, the pressure drop of inclined micro‐channels is larger compared with the traditional channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional computational comparison of mini pinned heat sinks using different nanofluids: Part one—the hydraulic‐thermal characteristics

Al‐damook

Alfellag

Khalil

2019

Heat Trans. Asian Res.

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The hydraulic-thermal characteristics of 3D pinned heat sink designs have been numerically compared as the first part of a three-part investigation. Five different pin geometries (circular, square, triangular, strip, and elliptic pins) and an unpinned heat sink with three types of nanofluids (Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O, SiO 2 -H 2 O, and CuO-H 2 O) are considered for laminar forced convection. The range of Reynolds number is from 100 to 1000, and volume fractions vary between 0% and 5%.The finite volume method is employed to solve the Navier-Stokes and energy equations by employing a SIMPLE algorithm for a computational solution. Three parameters are presented-the Nusselt number, the bottom temperature, and the hydrothermal performance of the heat sink with pressure drop data. The findings indicated that the overall hydrothermal performance of elliptic-pinned (EP) heat sinks produces the most substantial value of 3.10 for pure water. For different nanofluids, the SiO 2 -water nanofluids with EPs have the most significant hydrothermal performance. Also, this factor is enhanced with an increase in nanofluid concentration up to nearly 3.34 for 5% of SiO 2 -water. Consequently, applying the elliptic-pinned heat sinks is recommended with pure water for considering an increase in the pressure drop, with 5% of SiO 2 -water nanofluids, regardless of an enlargement of pressure drop for heat-dissipation applications. K E Y W O R D Scooling rate enhancements, hydrothermal performance augmentation, pinned heat sinks, using different nanofluids 1 | INTRODUCTION Many cooling techniques have been suggested for improving the hydraulic-thermal performance of macro, mini, and micro heat sinks to overcome the main challenge of electronic cooling systems with a high density of heat generation. The improvement in the hydraulic thermal design of heat sink leads to a reduction in its size and weight and enhances the cooling rate; thereby, avoiding failure and increasing the reliability and speed performance of engineering devices. 1 Therefore, pinned heat sinks are one of the most common techniques used to improve the thermo-hydraulic performance of heat sinks because heat sinks with pins are applied in the liquid and gas processes of many engineering applications. Pinned heat sinks are proposed as a cooling technique with water and nanofluids to enhance the cooling performance of heat sinks. 1-3 Thus, many researchers have investigated different kinds of heat sinks with various fluid types to overcome the issue of rapidly developing heat generated in electronic systems and their applications for protecting these systems from damage.Many numerical studies on heat sinks with pins using liquid cooling have been performed. For example, Ambreen et al 4 reported the hydrothermal characteristics of circular micro-pinned heat sinks with Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O nanofluids (0.25%-1%) using the Lagrangian-Eulerian approach. The results showed that the hydrothermal performance was enhanced upon using nanofluids with an increase in volume fraction instead of pure wa...

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Effect of nanofluid on thermo hydraulic performance of double layer tapered microchannel heat sink used for electronic chip cooling

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Modulating fluid rheology and confinement toward augmenting the performance of a double layered microchannel heat sink

Modulating fluid rheology and confinement toward augmenting the performance of a double layered microchannel heat sink

Heat transfer and entropy generation of hybrid nanofluid inside the convergent double‐layer tapered microchannel

Three‐dimensional computational comparison of mini pinned heat sinks using different nanofluids: Part one—the hydraulic‐thermal characteristics

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