The quest for superior wear-resistant coatings has led to significant advancements in laser cladding technology, yet the escalating requirements for durability under operational conditions challenge the efficacy of existing solutions. This investigation delves into the enhancement of wear resistance in coatings through the integration of particle reinforcement phases, identified as a cost-effective strategy for augmenting coating performance. Emphasis is placed on the systematic classification of particle reinforcements and the methodologies employed for their incorporation. The focus is particularly cast on the incorporation of hard and self-lubricating particles into laser-clad wear-resistant coatings, highlighting innovations in particle addition techniques. An examination of the mechanisms through which hard particles-comprising oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, and their multifaceted compounds-reinforce coatings is presented, delineating the influence of particle content, size, and morphology on wear resistance. Additionally, the paper explores the state of research on the self-lubricating properties imparted by sulfides, fluorides, graphite, and MAX phase particles under varied thermal conditions. A critical analysis of the benefits and limitations associated with the use of hard and self-lubricating particles in the enhancement of coating durability is conducted. This comprehensive review serves not only to elucidate the current landscape of particle-reinforced, laser-clad coatings but also to inform future research directions aimed at developing coatings capable of withstanding high temperatures and exhibiting exceptional hardness. The commitment to leveraging in situ synthesis for the development of these advanced materials underscores the potential for significant breakthroughs in the field of wear-resistant coatings.