Effect of nematophagous fungi on reproduction of Meloidogyne enterolobii on guava (Psidium guajava) plants

Abstract

The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii, is a major disease of guava, Psidium guajava, in Brazil and other countries. Egg-pathogenic fungi are considered potential biological control agents of root-knot nematodes and are associated with suppression of Meloidogyne spp. Glasshouse experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of the fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus and Pochonia chlamydosporia on a population of M. enterolobii growing on guava plants. Guava seedlings of about 15-20 cm growing in plastic bags were inoculated with 10 000 eggs of M. enterolobii plant −1 . Two months later, three isolates of P. lilacinus and one isolate of P. chlamydosporia were inoculated in the infested plants. The effect of the treatments was evaluated 6 months later. Although plant infection by nematodes was not attenuated, the number of eggs (g roots) −1 fell significantly. The number of egg masses infected with the fungi was inversely correlated with the number of eggs found in the roots. The most effective result (61.5% of control) was obtained with the isolate CG1003 of P. chlamydoporia, which was originally isolated from eggs of M. enterolobii in Brazil, followed by P. lilacinus (CG959 and CG1038) with about 40% of control. These fungi showed the ability to colonise healthy guava roots in glasshouse experiments. These results suggest that P. chlamydosporia can be selected as a potential biological control agent to be employed with other strategies in integrated management to control M. enterolobii on guava.

Gene cloning, molecular modeling, and phylogenetics of serine protease P32 and serine carboxypeptidase SCP1 from nematophagous fungiPochonia rubescensandPochonia chlamydosporia

“…Consequently, Pochonia spp. have been used as biological control agents of nematodes in different plant crops (Tobin et al 2008;Ebadi et al 2009;Carneiro et al 2011). Pochonia spp.…”

Evaluation of bio-agents, synthetic insecticides and organic amendment against the root-knot nematode, <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp. in cardamom [<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> (L.) Maton]

“…Biological control is considered as an environment friendly strategy against RKN (Eapen et al, 2005;Dong and Zhang, 2006;Sun et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2017). The egg-parasitic fungi Pochonia chlamydosporia (formerly Verticillium chlamydosporium) and Purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly Purpureocillium lilacinum) are among the most studied biological agents aiming at nematode management across agroecosystem (Moosavi et al, 2010;Carneiro et al, 2011). In this context, the present investigation was formulated to evaluate the potential of select bio-agents, synthetic insecticides and organic amendment against the RKN in small cardamom.…”