Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Ankle Swelling in the Early Period After Ankle Sprain

Abstract

The results indicate that NMES, as designed and used in this study, is not effective in decreasing ankle-foot volume or increasing self-assessed ankle function in the early period after ankle sprain.

Electrical stimulation as a treatment intervention to improve function, edema or pain following acute lateral ankle sprains: A systematic review

“…We did not exclude based upon grade of ankle sprain or whether the ankle sprains were first time or recurrent ankle sprains. Of the sixteen studies assessed for eligibility, only four studies (Man et al, 2007;Mendel et al, 2010;Michlovitz et al, 1988;Sandoval et al, 2010) satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis.…”

Effect of high-voltage pulsed current plus conventional treatment on acute ankle sprain

“…Taylor et al 28 found that only HVPC(-), but not the alternating current, caused reductions in the output of macromolecules from microvessels of capillaries of hamsters with post-traumatic edema. Man, Morrissey, and Cywinski 16 , in a recent study, used low voltage currents to treat ankle edema in humans, but also reported no significant differences compared to the CG.…”

“…The reduction in edema using this intensity has been shown in several animal studies 7,8,[10][11]25,27,28 . Another study used a current at motor threshold in the treatment of ankle sprain (acute phase) in humans and found no difference between the treatment group and the CG 16 . It is difficult to compare the results of these studies because, in addition to using different levels of stimulation, they were also performed with different species (animals and humans).…”

“…It can be observed in previous studies that some parameters, such as current type, polarity, time of application and level of stimulation, are important and should be considered during treatments in order to make HVPC effective in reducing edema. In the literature, several studies showed negative results with alternating current 12 or low voltage current 13 , positive polarity 14 , and motor stimulation levels 15,16 . These discrepancies in results may be due to the different parameters used in HVPC, a fact that also made it difficult to compare these studies.…”

Ankle Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Ankle Ligament Sprains

“…Man et al 164 found no significant difference in ankle and foot volume, girth, and self-perceived functioning in individuals with acute ankle sprains receiving electrical stimulation at either motor or submotor intensity.…”