Effect of Neurotomy on Succinic Dehydrogenase Activity of Muscle

Humoller, Fred L.; Griswold, Barbara; McIntyre, A. R.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1951.164.3.742

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…During the period of paralysis and atrophy soleus fibres still contain SD, though the reaction is weaker than normal. This is in agreement with the quantitative results of Knowlton and Hines (1934) and Humoller, Griswold, and McIntyre (1951). Soleus fibres are negative or very weakly stained for P both normally and during the phase of paralysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of botulinum toxin on the distribution of succinate dehydrogenase and phosphorylase in fast and slow skeletal muscles of the mouse

Duchen

1970

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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SUMMARY A sublethal quantity of botulinum toxin was injected into the muscles of one leg in mice. The histochemical localization of succinate dehydrogenase (SD) and phosphorylase (P) in soleus and gastrocnemius was studied at intervals of from one week to 15 months after the injection of toxin. In normal mice the fibres of soleus are rich in SD and poor in P, but in the superficial part of gastrocnemius the majority of fibres are rich in P and poor in SD. After the injection of toxin the muscles became paralysed and atrophied for several weeks during which time the fibres of gastrocnemius lost their staining reactivity for P and the fibres of soleus showed a weakening of the SD reaction. With the recovery from the effects of the toxin the muscle fibres increased in size and in P activity. Recovery commenced sooner in soleus than in gastrocnemius and for several weeks soleus fibres showed a stronger reaction for P than normal, but with longer survival the enzyme reactions in soleus became normal. Recovery in gastrocnemius began about six weeks after the injection of toxin. Many muscle fibres in gastrocnemius became much enlarged while others remained atrophied. Many fibres gave a strong histochemical reaction for both enzymes. These abnormalities in gastrocnemius seemed to be permanent.Skeletal muscles are composed of different types of muscle fibre which have distinctive morphological and physiological characteristics. In experiments in which the local effects of botulinum toxin were studied it was shown that the changes induced by the toxin in skeletal muscles of the mouse varied very strikingly from one muscle to another. Botulinum toxin causes temporary paralysis of muscle by blocking neuromuscular transmission and this block is overcome by the sprouting of motor nerves and the formation of new end-plates (Duchen and Strich, 1968). The rate of recovery from the effects of the toxin is more rapid in soleus than in gastrocnemius (Duchen, 1970a) in which histological abnormalities persist for many months. In the mouse, as in most mammals, soleus is a 'slow', red muscle while the superficial part of gastrocnemius consists of 'fast', white muscle. In recent years, the histochemical demonstration of various enzymes of skeletal muscle fibres has shown that the slow red muscles are composed of fibres rich in oxidative mitochondrial enzymes while the fast white muscle fibres are rich in phosphorylase (see Dubowitz, 1968). This paper reports the results of histochemical studies of the changes in slow and fast muscles after the local injection of botulinum toxin. The distribution of succinate dehydrogenase, representing the mitochondrial enzymes, and of phosphorylase was followed in soleus and gastrocnemius of the mouse for up to 15 months after the injection of toxin. This period of time includes an initial phase of paralysis and atrophy of muscle fibres followed by progressive recovery from the effects of the toxin. MATERIAL AND METHODSA sublethal quantity of type A botulinum toxin was injected into the calf muscles o...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of botulinum toxin on the distribution of succinate dehydrogenase and phosphorylase in fast and slow skeletal muscles of the mouse

Duchen

1970

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…A decrease in succinate dehydrogenase after neurotomy has been noted by Humoller, Griswold, and McIntyre (1951) and Hearn (1959). Varga, Kostya, Szabo, Aszodi, and Kesztyuis (1950) and Schapira and Dreyfus (1959) reported a decrease in glycogenolysis after nerve section, but these findings were contradicted by Matsui and Kuriaki (1959).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes in the enzyme histochemistry of skeletal muscle during experimental denervation and reinnervation

Smith¹

1965

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…Biochemical data on glycogen content in atrophying muscles are extremely controversial. Both an increase (Chandelon,11;Levine et al,50) and a decrease (Vay, 73; Cedrangolo, 10; Hines and Knowlton, 32; Humoller et al, 34) have been observed. In our results, a large difference in the glycogen content of different fibers is observed in the early stages.…”

Section: Fmuae ~0mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electron Microscope Study of Denervation Atrophy in Red and White Skeletal Muscle Fibers

Pellegrino

Franzini

1963

The Journal of Cell Biology

348

124

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A study, mainly by electron microscopy, has been made on two leg muscles of rat, in the course of atrophy experimentally induced by total denervation. As a preliminary the chief distinctive features of the soleus, chosen as a representative of pure red muscle, and of the gastrocnemius, representative of pure white muscle, are described. Two major phases of atrophy, somewhat overlapping in time, were observed. In the first, a degenerative autolytic process takes place in areas of the fiber, with loss of striation. It can be detected as early as the 7th day, but the maximum is observed at the 14th day, and accounts for a gross weight loss of 50 per cent. The first alteration appears in the Z lines; disorder in the disposition of filaments then follows. The process occurs very rapidly, leaving large areas in the cell in which one can detect only ground substance, glycogen, rare randomly disposed vesicular elements, and some mitochondria. Several lysosomes and masses of lipoproteins, which assume the configuration of concentric lamellae, show up in these fibers. Subsequently large parts of the waste sarcoplasm are discarded into the intercellular spaces. In the second major phase the so called "simple" atrophy takes place. The process starts early, but its effects are more detectable after 1 month. In this period, single myofibrils undergo different degrees of reduction in diameter, while the spatial disposition of primary and secondary filaments inside the fibrils remains normal. The appearance of the fibrils in longitudinal sections suggests that the process takes place by the detachment of filaments from the periphery of the fibrils and by their subsequent breakdown in the interfibrillary spaces. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is still well preserved, and relatively overdeveloped. Mitochondria disappear in parallel with the contractile material.

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Effect of Neurotomy on Succinic Dehydrogenase Activity of Muscle

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of botulinum toxin on the distribution of succinate dehydrogenase and phosphorylase in fast and slow skeletal muscles of the mouse

Effects of botulinum toxin on the distribution of succinate dehydrogenase and phosphorylase in fast and slow skeletal muscles of the mouse

Changes in the enzyme histochemistry of skeletal muscle during experimental denervation and reinnervation

An Electron Microscope Study of Denervation Atrophy in Red and White Skeletal Muscle Fibers

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