Effect of nicotine on growth and metabolism of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>

Huang, Ruijie; Li, Mingyun; Gregory, Richard L.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.2012.00971.x

Cited by 131 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

170

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, nicotine was demonstrated to stimulate S. gordonii biofilm formation and planktonic growth, which means nicotine is a preferred environmental factor for S. gordonii. Nicotine has a similar stimulation effect on S. mutans biofilm formation, but it has no effect or even reduces S. mutans planktonic cell growth (8). One bacterial nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) homologue, which is a prokaryotic protongated ion channel, has been found in several bacterial species (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Overnight-grown S. gordonii cells were diluted 1:100 in TSB plus 1% sucrose (TSBS) with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/ml nicotine. Triplicate samples were grown in a sterile 96-well flat-bottom microtiter plate for 24 h. Biofilm formation was determined by a crystal violet assay described previously (8). Briefly, biofilm was fixed with formaldehyde, stained with crystal violet, and washed twice with saline to remove unbound crystal violet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Nicotine on Streptococcus gordonii Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Cell Aggregation

Huang

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

e Streptococcus gordonii is a commensal species of human oral flora. It initiates dental biofilm formation and provides binding sites for later colonizers to attach to and generate mature biofilm. Smoking is the second highest risk factor for periodontal disease, and cigarette smoke extract has been reported to facilitate Porphyromonas gingivalis-S. gordonii dual-species biofilm formation. Our hypothesis is that nicotine, one of the most important and active components of tobacco, stimulates S. gordonii multiplication and aggregation. In the present study, S. gordonii planktonic cell growth (kinetic absorbance and CFU), biofilm formation (crystal violet stain and confocal laser scanning microscopy [CLSM]), aggregation with/without sucrose, and 11 genes that encode binding proteins or regulators of gene expression were investigated. Results demonstrated planktonic cell growth was stimulated by 1 to 4 mg/ml nicotine treatment. Biofilm formation was increased at 0.5 to 4 mg/ml nicotine. CLSM indicated bacterial cell mass was increased by 2 and 4 mg/ml nicotine, but biofilm extracellular polysaccharide was not significantly affected by nicotine. Cell aggregation was upregulated by 4, 8, and 16 mg/ml nicotine with sucrose and by 16 mg/ml nicotine without sucrose. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR indicated S. gordonii abpA, scaA, ccpA, and srtA were upregulated in planktonic cells by 2 mg/ml nicotine. In conclusion, nicotine stimulates S. gordonii planktonic cell growth, biofilm formation, aggregation, and gene expression of binding proteins. Those effects may promote later pathogen attachment to tooth surfaces, the accumulation of tooth calculus, and the development of periodontal disease in cigarette smokers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nicotine on Streptococcus gordonii Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Cell Aggregation

Huang

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…mutans strain UA159 (ATCC 700610) was used due to its completely sequenced genome. 9,10,16 The strain was stored at -80°C in tryptic soy broth (TSB, Acumedia, Baltimore, MA) with 20% glycerol until used. Mitis Salivarius Sucrose Bacitracin (MSSB, Anaerobe Systems, Morgan Hill, CA) agar plates were used to initially grow the strains.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Bacterial Strain And Growth And Antibimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Carbohydrates in biofilm are metabolized by bacteria, producing lactic acid which causes dissolution of minerals, calcium and phosphate from teeth. 9,10,5 A fall in plaque pH caused by bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates causes a shift in the equilibrium concentration, leading to enamel erosion. 3 Acid production is considered one of the most important events in the pathogenesis of dental caries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Commonly Prescribed Liquid Medications on Streptococcus mutans Biofilm. An in vitro study

Clark

Vinson²,

Eckert

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: This study addressed the effect of pediatric liquid antibiotic medications on Streptococcus mutans UA159. These suspensions commonly contain sugars such as sucrose to make them more palatable for children. The study was designed to evaluate the effects of oral liquid antibiotics on Streptococcus mutans growth and biofilm formation.Study Design: A 24 hour culture of S. mutans was treated with various concentrations of liquid medications commonly prescribed to children for odontogenic or fungal infections -amoxicillin, penicillin VK, clindamycin, and nystatin. The study was conducted in sterile 96-well flat bottom microtiter plates. The minimum inhibitory and biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MIC/MBIC) of S. mutans were determined for each medication. S. mutans was cultured with and without the test drugs, the amount of total growth measured, the biofilms washed, fixed, and stained with crystal violet. The absorbance was determined to evaluate biofilm formation.Results: Higher concentrations of amoxicillin, penicillin VK and clindamycin had decreased biofilm and overall growth than the control. The MICs were 1:2,560 (1.95 ug/ml), 1:2,560 (1.95 ug/ml) and 1:40 (9.375 ug/ml), while the MBIC were 1:640 (7.8 ug/ml), 1:1,280 (3.9 ug/ml) and 1:20 (18.75 ug/ml), respectively. Lower concentrations provided increased biofilm and overall growth. Nystatin induced significantly more biofilm and overall growth than the control at all concentrations. Conclusion:At high concentrations, approximately at the levels expected to be present in the oral cavity of children, amoxicillin, penicillin, and clindamycin inhibited S. mutans biofilm and overall growth due to their antibiotic activity, while at lower concentrations the three antibiotics demonstrated an increase in biofilm and growth. The increase in S. mutans biofilm and overall growth is most likely attributed to the sugar content in the medications. Nystatin provided an increase in biofilm and growth at each concentration tested.

show abstract

“…The absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer (Spectramax 190, Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA) at 490 nm that provides quantitative information on the relative density of the biofilm cells exposed to Violet-blue light and without Violet-blue light [17]. The biofilm assay experiments were repeated independently more than three times with similar results and one representative experiment is reported.…”

Section: Microtiter Plate Biofilm Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo Inactivation of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm by Violet-Blue light

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Among various preventive approaches, non-invasive phototherapy/photodynamic therapy is one method used to control oral biofilm. Studies indicate that light at specific wavelengths has a potent antibacterial effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of violet-blue light at 380-440 nm to inhibit biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans or kill S. mutans. S. mutans UA159 biofilm cells were grown for 12-16 h in 96-well flat-bottom microtiter plates using Tryptic Soy broth (TSB) or TSB with 1% sucrose (TSBS). Biofilm was irradiated with violet-blue light for 5 min. After exposure, plates were re-incubated at 37°C for either 2 or 6 h to allow the bacteria to recover. A crystal violet biofilm assay was used to determine relative densities of the biofilm cells grown in TSB, but not in TSBS, exposed to violet-blue light. The results indicated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease compared to the nontreated groups after the 2 or 6h recovery period. Growth rates of planktonic and biofilm cells indicated a significant reduction in the growth rate of the violet-blue light-treated groups grown in TSB and TSBS. Biofilm viability assays confirmed a statistically significant difference between Violet-blue light-treated and non-treated groups in TSB and TSBS. Visible Violet-blue light of the electromagnetic spectrum has the ability to inhibit S. mutans growth and reduce the formation of S. mutans biofilm. This in-vitro study demonstrated that Violet-blue light has the capacity to inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation. Potential clinical applications of light therapy in the future remain bright in preventing the development and progression of dental caries.

show abstract

Effect of nicotine on growth and metabolism of Streptococcus mutans

Cited by 131 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of Nicotine on Streptococcus gordonii Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Cell Aggregation

Effects of Nicotine on Streptococcus gordonii Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Cell Aggregation

Effect of Commonly Prescribed Liquid Medications on Streptococcus mutans Biofilm. An in vitro study

Photo Inactivation of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm by Violet-Blue light

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About