Effect of Nitric Acid Concentrations on Synthesis and Stability of Maghemite Nanoparticles Suspension

Nurdin, Irwan; Johan, Mohd Rafie; Yaacob, Iskandar Idris; Ang, Bee Chin

doi:10.1155/2014/589479

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Nurdin et al [ 67 ] synthesized γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles at different temperatures and concentrations with size ranging from around 9 nm to 17 nm with spherical morphology by the co-precipitation method. The crystalline γ-Fe 2 O 3 phase was confirmed by XRD.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Ionpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (IONP) Synthesis to Applications: Present and Future

et al. 2020

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Iron oxides are chemical compounds which have different polymorphic forms, including γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite), Fe3O4 (magnetite), and FeO (wustite). Among them, the most studied are γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, as they possess extraordinary properties at the nanoscale (such as super paramagnetism, high specific surface area, biocompatible etc.), because at this size scale, the quantum effects affect matter behavior and optical, electrical and magnetic properties. Therefore, in the nanoscale, these materials become ideal for surface functionalization and modification in various applications such as separation techniques, magnetic sorting (cells and other biomolecules etc.), drug delivery, cancer hyperthermia, sensing etc., and also for increased surface area-to-volume ratio, which allows for excellent dispersibility in the solution form. The current methods used are partially and passively mixed reactants, and, thus, every reaction has a different proportion of all factors which causes further difficulties in reproducibility. Direct active and complete mixing and automated approaches could be solutions to this size- and shape-controlled synthesis, playing a key role in its exploitation for scientific or technological purposes. An ideal synthesis method should be able to allow reliable adjustment of parameters and control over the following: fluctuation in temperature; pH, stirring rate; particle distribution; size control; concentration; and control over nanoparticle shape and composition i.e., crystallinity, purity, and rapid screening. Iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)-based available clinical applications are RNA/DNA extraction and detection of infectious bacteria and viruses. Such technologies are important at POC (point of care) diagnosis. IONPs can play a key role in these perspectives. Although there are various methods for synthesis of IONPs, one of the most crucial goals is to control size and properties with high reproducibility to accomplish successful applications. Using multiple characterization techniques to identify and confirm the oxide phase of iron can provide better characterization capability. It is very important to understand the in-depth IONP formation mechanism, enabling better control over parameters and overall reaction and, by extension, properties of IONPs. This work provides an in-depth overview of different properties, synthesis methods, and mechanisms of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) formation, and the diverse range of their applications. Different characterization factors and strategies to confirm phase purity in the IONP synthesis field are reviewed. First, properties of IONPs and various synthesis routes with their merits and demerits are described. We also describe different synthesis strategies and formation mechanisms for IONPs such as for: wustite (FeO), hematite (α-Fe2O3), maghemite (ɤ-Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4). We also describe characterization of these nanoparticles and various applications in detail. In conclusion, we present a detailed overview on the properties, size-controlled synthesis, formation mechanisms and applications of IONPs.

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Section: Synthesis Of Ionpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism of the formation of γ-Fe 2 O 3 by the decomposition of magnetite using HNO 3 as an oxidizing agent and can be given as [ 67 ]: 2FeCl 3 + FeCl 2 + 8NH 4 OH → Fe 3 O 4 + 4H 2 O + 8NH 4 Cl 2Fe 3 O 4 + HNO 3 → 3γ-Fe 2 O 3 + HNO 2 …”

Section: Different Mechanisms Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (IONP) Synthesis to Applications: Present and Future

et al. 2020

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“…Maghemite nanoparticles used in this experiment have been synthesized using a chemical co-precipitation method [24]. Meanwhile, maghemite nanofluids were prepared by dissolving of maghemite nanoparticles in deionized water at different particle volume fractions (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5%).…”

Section: Nanofluids Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Electrical Conductivity Enhancement of Water Based Maghemite (γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanofluids

Nurdin¹

2017

IJMSA

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Abstract:The study of this research is to measure the electrical conductivity of maghemite nanofluids. Maghemite nanofluids were prepared by dissolving maghemite nanoparticles in water as base fluids. The investigation on electrical conductivity of maghemite nanofluids have been performed at different particle volume fractions and temperatures. The electrical conductivity was measured by a 4-cell conductivity electrode meter. The electrical conductivity of maghemite nanofluids was linearly increased as the particle volume fraction and temperature rises. The highest enhancement of electrical conductivity of maghemite nanofluids due to the particle volume fraction and temperature are 160.49% and 22.55%, respectively. This condition obtained at a particle volume fraction of 2.5% and temperature 60°C. Significant effect of particle volume fraction and temperature were considered.

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“…Various methods are available for synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles such as co-precipitation [ [6][7][8], sol-gel synthesis [9,10], and microemulsion [11][12][13]. The most common is the co-precipitation method [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of pH and Time on The Stability of Superparamagnetic Maghemite Nanoparticle Suspensions

Nurdin¹,

Ridwan²,

Satriananda³

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles have been synthesized using a chemical co-precipitation method. The morphology and particle size is characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and magnetic characterization using Alternating Gradient Magnetometry (AGM). The stability of the maghemite nanoparticles suspension were studied at different pH and time of storage. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta Potential were conducted to determine the stability of the suspensions. TEM observation showed that the particles size is 9.6 nm and have spherical morphology. The particles showed superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization 25.5 emu/g. The suspensions are stable in the acidic condition at pH 4 and alkaline condition at pH 10. The suspensions remain stable after 4 weeks of storage.

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Effect of Nitric Acid Concentrations on Synthesis and Stability of Maghemite Nanoparticles Suspension

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (IONP) Synthesis to Applications: Present and Future

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (IONP) Synthesis to Applications: Present and Future

Investigation on Electrical Conductivity Enhancement of Water Based Maghemite (γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanofluids

The Effect of pH and Time on The Stability of Superparamagnetic Maghemite Nanoparticle Suspensions

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Effect of Nitric Acid Concentrations on Synthesis and Stability of Maghemite Nanoparticles Suspension

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (IONP) Synthesis to Applications: Present and Future

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (IONP) Synthesis to Applications: Present and Future

Investigation on Electrical Conductivity Enhancement of Water Based Maghemite (γ-Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) Nanofluids

The Effect of pH and Time on The Stability of Superparamagnetic Maghemite Nanoparticle Suspensions

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Investigation on Electrical Conductivity Enhancement of Water Based Maghemite (γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanofluids