Effect of nitric acid modification of montmorillonite clay on synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone

Timofeeva, Maria N.; Panchenko, Valentina N.; Krupskaya, V. V.; Gil, Antonio; Vicente, M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2016.11.020

Cited by 71 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Early, we demonstrated that the chemical composition and structural characteristics of Mt depended on the HNO 3 and HCl concentration [26,32]. Changes of chemical composition and interlayer space were negligible after modification of montmorillonite under the concentrations up to 0.5 M. These changes were noticeable only after treatment with 3.0 M acid.…”

Section: Transformation Of the Montmorillonite Structure Under Acid Tmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Experimental Study of Montmorillonite Structure and Transformation of Its Properties under Treatment with Inorganic Acid Solutions

et al. 2017

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This paper discusses the mechanism of montmorillonite structural alteration and modification of bentonites' properties (based on samples from clay deposits Taganskoye, Kazakhstan and Mukhortala, Buriatia) under thermochemical treatment (treatment with inorganic acid solutions at different temperatures, concentrations and reaction times). Treatment conditions were chosen according to those accepted in chemical industry for obtaining acid modified clays as catalysts or sorbents. Also, more intense treatment was carried out to simulate possible influence at the liquid radioactive site repositories. A series of methods was used: XRD, FTIR, ICP-AES, TEM, nitrogen adsorption, and particle size analysis. It allowed revealing certain processes: transformation of montmorillonite structure which appears in the leaching of interlayer and octahedral cations and protonation of the interlayer and -OH groups at octahedral sheets. In turn, changes in the structure of the 2:1 layer of montmorillonite and its interlayer result in significant alterations in the properties: reduction of cation exchange capacity and an increase of specific surface area. Acid treatment also leads to a redistribution of particle sizes and changes the pore system. The results of the work showed that bentonite clays retain a significant portion of their adsorption properties even after a prolonged and intense thermochemical treatment (1 M HNO 3 , 60 • C, 108 h).

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Section: Transformation Of the Montmorillonite Structure Under Acid Tmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Using ultrasound and microwaves in addition to an acid treatment intensifies smectite mineral transformation [27]. In industry, acid-modified bentonites are most commonly used as catalysts [28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Montmorillonite Structure and Transformation of Its Properties under Treatment with Inorganic Acid Solutions

et al. 2017

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“…As shown in Table 5, solketal production from glycerol used two different sources, namely acetone or formaldehyde over solid acid catalysts [49][50][51][52]. Based on the conversion of glycerol and selectivity to solketal, the clay catalyst which showed the optimum results was reported by Timofeeva et al in a batch reactor with activated catalyst by nitric acid of 0.5 M [53]. In the activated K10 montmorillonite by acid solution, this impact causes an increasing rate of reaction with the acid site of the material.…”

Section: Ketalization Of Glycerol Over Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol to Solketal for Fuel Additive: Recent Progress in Heterogeneous Catalysts

et al. 2019

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Biodiesel has been successfully commercialized in numerous countries. Glycerol, as a byproduct in biodiesel production plant, has been explored recently for fuel additive production. One of the most prospective fuel additives is solketal, which is produced from glycerol and acetone via an acetalization reaction. This manuscript reviewed recent progress on heterogeneous catalysts used in the exploratory stage of glycerol conversion to solketal. The effects of acidity strength, hydrophobicity, confinement effect, and others are discussed to find the most critical parameters to design better catalysts for solketal production. Among the heterogeneous catalysts, resins, hierarchical zeolites, mesoporous silica materials, and clays have been explored as effective catalysts for acetalization of glycerol. Challenges with each popular catalytic material are elaborated. Future works on glycerol to solketal will be improved by considering the stability of the catalysts in the presence of water as a byproduct. The presence of water and salt in the feed is certainly destructive to the activity and the stability of the catalysts.

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“…Additionally, large quantities of glycerol are available as a reaction byproduct because of the development of biodiesel production by transesterification of vegetable oils [7]. Numerous main pathways of glycerol transformation have been reported in literature involving hydrogenolysis [8], dehydration [9], oxidation [10], carbonation [5,11], etherification [12,13], esterification [14,15], acetalization [14,16] and ketalization [17,18]. Therefore, a considerable number of chemical intermediates and commodities can be obtained from glycerol through optimized catalytic routes, as shown in Figure 1 [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Production of Glycerol Ketals with a Clay-Based Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst

et al. 2019

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Glycerol remains a bottleneck for the biodiesel industry as well as an opportunity from the biorefinery perspective, having a notable reactivity as a platform chemical. In particular, glycerol ketals can be envisaged as oxygenates for fuel formulation. In this study, we have focused on the green synthesis of glycerol ketals by reacting glycerol with acyclic (acetone, butanone) and cyclic (cyclohexanone) ketones in the presence of an acid activated clay Tunisian AC in homogeneous systems under quasi-solventless conditions. These reactions were followed by on-line Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) (namely, ReactIR 10). Firstly, the contacting time was selected studying the activity, stability and chemical characteristics of a set of catalysts. The 1-h activated clay AC was further characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electronic Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Finally, the effect of the main operational variables (catalyst concentration, reagents molar ratio, time and temperature) were checked and we reflected on adequate second-order kinetic models with partial first-order deactivation.

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Effect of nitric acid modification of montmorillonite clay on synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone

Cited by 71 publications

References 23 publications

Experimental Study of Montmorillonite Structure and Transformation of Its Properties under Treatment with Inorganic Acid Solutions

Experimental Study of Montmorillonite Structure and Transformation of Its Properties under Treatment with Inorganic Acid Solutions

Glycerol to Solketal for Fuel Additive: Recent Progress in Heterogeneous Catalysts

Green Production of Glycerol Ketals with a Clay-Based Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst

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