Effect of nitrogen and fluorine on mechanical properties and bioactivity in two series of bioactive glasses

Mechanical characteristic and biological behaviour of implanted and restorative bioglasses used in medicine and dentistry: A systematic review

“…However, as alluded to earlier, it can be obtained also with other methods. Bachar et al [39] and Bellucci et al [38] used the indentation hardness testing machine and measured the elastic modulus respectively by the Knoop indentation method given by Marshall et al [60] and by the depth-sensing indentation technique proposed by Oliver et al [61]. With the first method, the elastic modulus is obtained by a mathematical conversion of the hardness; the decrease in length of the indent minor diagonal is caused by elastic recovery of the material and so the conversion is related to an hardness:elastic modulus ratio.…”

“…However, some authors investigated more than one test to provide a more complete characterization (Table 1). In fact, two properties are studied in 8 articles [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and in one case three properties have been reported [46].…”

“…Immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) [38,39,[41][42][43][44][45][46]49,52,55,59] Immersion in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) [48] Immersion in tris buffer [58] None [40,47,50,51,53,54,56,57] …”

“…Considering all the twenty-two studies, ten of them are investigating the direct influence of different compositions of glasses on mechanical properties [38,39,47,48,51,53,55,56,58,59]. Most of them are investigating the silicates system, only one [47] is studying a porous silicate BG mixed with hydroxyapatite (HA).…”

“…Improved biocompatibility for bioglass containing Ca [59] None None None [39][40][41][44][45][46][47]50,53,[56][57][58] time-points. Overall, the Elastic modulus has been studied in thirteen articles and can be obtained using all the methods described above; it is a key property for every kind of material.…”